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合肥市第九中学 英语校本课程

课 题：

课 时： 16讲

编写人：张丹丹

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别样英语学习

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第1讲 趣味记忆英语单词的意思的方法

对于许多英语学习者来说，喜欢上学英语，英语学习成绩在原来的基础上取得很大进步，英语单词就成了制约这些的瓶颈。为了帮助学生扫清学习英语道路上的障碍，提高记忆单词的效率，现将多年来总结的一些英语单词记忆方法供同学们参考与借鉴。这些方法虽然在学习英语中对于记忆单词是辅助性的方法，但是对于许多学习者来说受益匪浅，因为这样的方法改变了传统记忆方法，而是极大的利用开发右大脑，不仅在短期内记忆，而且在大脑中保持长期记忆，能起到事办功倍的效果。

这些开发右大脑记忆单词的方法有：单词串记法；谐音记忆法；口诀记忆法；故事记忆法；联想记忆法等。下面一一介绍： 一， 故事记忆法：

把几个结构相似的单词用故事情节串起来，写下了这么一个“词串”： -猫和老鼠-

有一个rat(老鼠)* 非常地fat(肥胖) 跳进了vat(缸) 偷吃了salt(盐) 变成了bat(蝙蝠) 气坏了cat(猫) 咬破了hat(帽子) 当成了mat(垫子)* -猴王出世-

花果山的back(背部) 有块石头black(黑色的) 突然中间crack(裂开) * 飞出一个sack(口袋) * 天兵天将attack(攻击) 却找不到track(行踪)

这里就把冷冰冰的单词联系在一起了。同时又把这些单词和鲜活的形象\"猴王\"联系起来了--猴王是每

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一个中国人都熟悉的形象，很亲切而且容易接受和记忆，最重要的是容易回想起来，从而有利于复习。 但相似的单词聚集一起，也有一个问题，就是容易搞混淆了，本书中“记忆小窍门”给出了思考和解决的办法。 我们再看： -珍珠港战士- 海洋非常vast(广阔) 抓颗手雷cast(投掷) 速度非常fast(快) 从天空中past(穿过) 打中敌舰last(最后一个) 炸坏舰上mast(桅杆) *

如何记忆vast这个单词，本书告诉你，主要是第一字母v与别的单词不同，而把“v”无限放大成“V”的形状，就显得非常广阔了，这样就和词义\"广阔的\"联系起来了；而cast第一个字母“c”，向右旋转90度，就像投掷出的东西在空中的轨迹，这样也和单词的词义联系起来了；而mast起首字母是“m”，发音似“木”，桅杆多是木头做的，于是又和词义联系起来了。

另外，用“珍珠港”这么个重大事件发生的地方做背景，虽然所述故事可能是莫须有的，但几乎每个学生都知道“珍珠港”，无疑也可以很容易想到“珍珠港”这个地方，并把整个内容连带回忆出来。 记住才是硬道理！就是这样丰富的联想，才保证了记得牢固而不混淆。 这样的例子在书中比比皆是，如： -梁山好汉- 决不再brood(沉思) * 投身于wood(树林) 头戴着hood(头巾) * 大块肉food(食物) 大碗酒good(好的) 天天好mood(心情) * 豪情似flood(洪水)

所有的记忆专家都认可，丰富的、鲜活的和有趣的素材总比单调的、枯燥的和乏味的素材容易记忆得多，所以本书编写的故事，古今中外、天文地理、阳春白雪、引车卖浆、历史时事……几乎无所不用，我们看下面的几个故事： -小心地雷-

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好多瓶wine(酒) 数目是nine(九个) 拴在了vine(葡萄藤) * 连接着mine(地雷) 在那里shine(放光) 炸死个swine(公猪) *

--此篇似只为逗乐，而笑可以使人加深记忆。 -梁山伯与祝英台- 一个坐着弹lute(琵琶) * 一个站着吹flute(笛子) * 青山绿水没pollute(被污染) 来往行人都salute(致敬) 长久的爱是absolute(绝对的) * 绵绵的情是resolute(坚决的) * --这是中国优美爱情传说的再现。

本书对很多很难以联系起来记忆的单词也有比较有效的重新组织编排，如： -星光灿烂-

林肯黑奴是political(政治上的) 牛顿力学发明是physical(物理的) 门捷列夫周期表chemical(化学的) 贝多芬交响曲是musical(音乐的) 青霉素的出现是medical (医药上的) 爱迪生的发明是technical(技术性的) 看起来好像最是practical(实用的) 其实所有贡献都identical(相当的) *

这里的人名字可谓家喻户晓，记住很容易回忆出来(青霉素的发现者弗莱明因为名气不如青霉素大，在这里就略去了)。

把相似的英语单词联系起来，就能帮助记忆，而不一定拘泥于多少个单词。书中很多的词串就是四个单词构成的，如： -广岛美少女阿慧- 生命之源在womb(子宫) *

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长发飘飘爱comb(梳理) 天上落下个bomb () * 生命于是进tomb(坟墓)

日本广岛落下的原子弹，是人类历史上划时代的事件，它使人类对一百多年来蓬勃发展的科学的有了畏惧并开始反思，同时提出一个问题，就是，人类怎样驾御科学，才不会是掘自己的坟墓。 但本书中更多的是轻松的小故事： -醉酒的船长- 大船靠近coast (海岸) 鲜美烤肉toast (烤)* 醉酒开始boast (吹牛)* 货物被贼hoist (吊起)*

本书的故事即注重再现大家喜闻乐见的经典人物形象，同时又注意把握流行。因为流行的东西学习者最容易想到，回忆起来，从而加深印象。

学习英语如果同时又是一种消遣和娱乐，像看电影和读小说，会使广大英语学习者轻松很多，本书在这方面做出了努力，如： -罪犯之死- 床上正lie (躺着) 口里吃pie (馅饼) 被勒紧tie (领带) 因窒息die (死亡)

有人说林黛玉和孙悟空是中国文学里最成功的两个形象，可以说是家喻户晓，所以在本书里也多次出现，如： -林黛玉照相- 写完一篇prose(散文) * 喝完中药dose(一剂) 黛玉床边pose(摆姿态) * 宝玉笑着propose(建议) * 建议拿朵rose(玫瑰) 紧紧靠着nose(鼻子) 遭到黛玉oppose(反对) * 说不怀好purpose(目的)

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这些词串中有的紧紧和现实热点问题联系起来，容易引起学员兴趣，像： -拉登整容后-

此人确实很tough (厉害)* 整容后摸脸rough (粗糙的) 高兴得仰天laugh (笑) 等笑到了enough (足够的) 弯腰又假装cough (咳嗽)

调侃名人在欧美已经成为一种时尚且深受人们喜欢，例如调侃世界首富比尔-盖茨的笑话就流传很多个版本，在本书里也编写了一个： -假如比尔-盖茨破产- 重新开始journey (旅程) 孤独时拥抱chimney(烟囱) 现在没有money(钱)

也就没有honey(蜜糖，宝贝儿)*

从世界首富到孤独时候拥抱烟囱，反差可以说很大，因此也能给人留下深刻印象，从而加深记忆。 这样的例子还有： -威风凛凛的美国总统- 美国是个union (联邦) 人口不到billion (十亿) 人人都有opinion (意见) 总统才是champion (冠军) * 宝座下垫cushion (垫子) 口里咬着onion (洋葱) * 薪水超过million (百万) 君临天下像lion (狮子) (发号施令就像狮子一样凶猛。)

这是对当今世界美国独大的写照。对威风凛凛不可一世的金元帝国总统，开两句玩笑估计还不会引来B52轰炸机。

本书中的故事有英雄主义的颂歌，有缠绵悱恻的爱情，有平凡人物的笑料和酸甜苦辣，以及对时弊的针砭，也有乐观主义和爱国主义的精神充满其中，如： -郑成功收复-

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看到老外brand(商标) * 司令怒下command(命令) 收复那个island(岛) 全体官兵understand(明白) 舰艇规模grand(宏伟的) 获胜回到mainland() 时刻守卫motherland(祖国) * 再如：

-国庆阅兵大联欢-

街头彩旗colorful (艳丽多彩的) 守卫careful (小心的) 姑娘个个beautiful (美丽的) 轻歌曼舞graceful (优美的) * 阵容wonderful (极好的) 导弹坦克powerful (强大的) 真是令人cheerful (兴高采烈的)

当然，本书作为趣味记忆英语单词的教材，不是单纯的爱国宣传，机智有趣和便于牢记仍然是她的主要特点，再如： -办公室的故事-

一对情侣太remiss(粗心的) * 老板刚刚去piss(小便) * 办公室里就kiss(亲吻) 同事围过来hiss(嘘) * 老板回来就dismiss(解雇) * 高升机会被miss(错过)

想象力是人类历史发展火车头，就是因为我们的先辈有伟大的想象力，我们今天才可以坐上飞机，用上电话和电脑，才能登上月球的以至到更广阔的宇宙空间去： -嫦娥奔月- 也许将在soon(不久) 她用很多cocoon(茧) * 做成一个balloon(气球)

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然后在一noon(下午) 飘飘飞上moon(月亮) 只带一把spoon(匙)

想象力是伟大的，学习英语记忆单词要充分发挥自己的想象力，才会得到更好的效果。 本书选择单词以实用为原则，像月份和星期之类的常用但容易混淆的单词，本书都提出独特的和有效的记忆方式，如： -记忆艺术小测验-

瑟瑟秋风是September (九月) 国庆节灯笼October (十月) 没有树叶在November (十一月) 一年到底是December (十二月) …………

结合注释，学习者可以轻松地把这些单词区别开来牢记住。

总而言之，这部书的意旨在让广大英语学习者换一种心情、换一种方式去学习记忆英语单词，她充分考虑了英语学习者是一个活生生的人，是一个有思想、有情感和有爱憎的心灵，而不是一台简单的记忆机器，从而最大限度地开发人在记忆方面的潜能，加快学习进程，减轻学习负担。作者希望她能给广大徘徊在漫漫长夜里的英语学习者带来成功的曙光。

本书词串中收单词约三千四百多个，加扩展部分单词量近六千左右。词串主要以高考单词为主，中学词汇在词串中有大约两千个，加上扩展有近两千三百个，高考必考词汇覆盖率接近90%。 二， 口诀记忆法； 1.背口诀记单词 A天气非常fine (好的) 松鼠爬上pine (松树) 站成一条line (直线) B把松果油refine (提炼)* 发动汽车engine (发动机) 事迹搬上magazine (杂志) C后院一群goose (鹅) 一个一个choose (挑选) 把头塞进noose (绳套)* 结果绳索loose (松弛的)

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D 某一天dawn(黎明) 在河边lawn(草坪) * 来几只prawn(对虾) * 在那里spawn(产卵) * 累了正yawn(呵欠) * 被人捉去pawn(典当出去) * E有个聪明ape(猿) * 从动物园escape(逃跑) 这天披着cape(披肩) * 在湖边看landscape(风景) * 夜晚开始gape(打呵欠) * 被人捉住nape(后颈) * 送回园吃grape(葡萄) 被录制成tape(磁带) F坐在一个armchair(扶手椅) 被抬上楼upstairs(楼上地) 被抬下楼downstairs(楼下地) 魔鼠窜出lair(兽穴) * 赠送一把wheelchair(轮椅) * 不是你的affair(事情) G名字叫snail(蜗牛) * 要去发mail(邮件) 正翻过rail(栏杆) 没想到fail(失败) 脚绊上nail(钉子) 被tail(跟踪) 捉进了jail(监狱) * 交许多bail(保释金) * 放出后hail(欢呼) * H在一个site(地点) * 正举办rite(典礼) *

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天上放kite(风筝) 颜色是white(白色的) 很多人excite(兴奋) 手拉手unite(团结) 记者在write(写着) 脚被蛇bite(咬了) 感到痛 quite (非常地) I有一个cock(公鸡) 穿一双sock(袜子) 想把人mock(模仿) * 脚被人lock(锁住) 找一块rock(岩石) 狠狠地knock(敲) 把主人shock(震惊) 三， 谐音记忆法；

Tangle v. 纠缠 男女纠缠在一起跳拉美舞探戈， January n. 一月 一月吃酱牛肉

adult n 成年人 【爱叨特】“成年人“和上了岁数的人特别爱叨叨

alcohol n 酒；酒精 【爱个喝】爱个喝，喝啥？喝“酒精，乙醇；含酒精的饮料”呗 camel n 骆驼 【楷模】骆驼是羊群的楷模

assess v.估价，评价 【偶三思】要“估价，评价”这些财产，偶当然要三思

carpenter n.木工, 木匠【卡彭特】在英语的人名里卡彭特是木工、木匠，就像史密斯是铁匠一样 coach n 教练 【口吃】口吃的教练

impatience n 不耐烦，急躁，【姨母陪审时】姨母陪审时有些不耐烦，急躁 longitude n 经度 【郎踢球】

merchandise n 商品,货物 【摸钱袋子】买商品、货物时，你当然要摸钱袋子

custom n. 风俗,习俗 【砍死他们】的谐音。记忆：这个古老村庄的风俗是，看到陌生人就要砍死他们。

bamboo n 竹子 【半步】的谐音。记忆：这些竹子太重了，我只走了半步就累倒了。 Umbrella n 伞 分析： 【俺不热了】的谐音。记忆：有了伞来挡住太阳，俺就不热了。

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title n 题目，标题 记成： 【抬头】 （谐音）看标题 四， 联想记忆法；

candidate n 候选人 能(can)做(did)能吃(ate)的人是候选人

ambulance n 救护车 俺们(am)不 (bu)能(lan)死(ce)赶快去叫救护车 hesitate v 犹豫 他(he)坐(sit)下来吃饭(ate) 时犹豫了下

assassinate v 暗杀 两只驴(assass)在里面(in)吃 (ate)东西时被暗杀了 costume n 服饰 花费(cost)你(u)我(me)的钱去买服饰 leisure n 休闲,休息 累了(lei)就一定(sure)要休息、休闲 attend n 参加 at+ten+d 十点跳舞，别忘了参加 smother v 窒息 一根绳子(s)把妈妈(mother)肋得快窒息了 mendacity n 虚伪 大(da)城市(city)的男人(men)是虚伪,爱撒谎的

frown vi. 皱眉 【记法】分解为：fr（肥肉）＋own（自己的），自己身上的肥肉【联想】谁看到自己身上长满了肥肉都会皱眉头

hatred――仇恨分析：hat――帽子；red――红色的。联想：小红帽非常仇恨大灰狼。 butterfly－－蝴蝶 分析：butter――黄油；f l y ――飞。联想：蝴蝶很喜欢在黄油上面飞。

widow――寡妇 分析：window――窗户；n――“泥”的拼音首字母。联想：寡妇的工作是要把窗户上的泥擦干净。

glove――手套 分析：g――“哥”的拼音首字母；love――喜爱。联想：哥哥很喜爱这双手套。 boom――繁荣 分析：boo――像数字600；m――可以联想到“麦当劳”。联想：一条街上竟然开了600家麦当劳店，真是够繁荣啊！

dragon n. 龙〔记忆窍门〕将该词分解成drag 和on 两个字母组合，则可记成：长长的龙尾，拖拉（drag）在（on）地上

hostage n. 人质〔记忆窍门〕将该词分解成host 和age，则可记成：东道主（host）询问，人质的年龄（age） false a. 不真实的，错误的；假的，伪造的；虚伪的〔记忆窍门〕我们已学过词义为“强 迫”的单词force ，它与false的读音相近；则可记成：者强迫（force）人们说假（false）话

bargain n. 交易，协议；特价品，廉价货v.讨价还价，议价〔记忆窍门〕同上面一样的道理，将该词分解成bar和gain两个字母组合，则可记成：讨价还价谈交易，酒吧（bar）获得（gain）廉价货 dragonfly n. 蜻蜓【记法】分解为：dragon（龙）＋fly（苍蝇）【联想】蜻蜓由龙和苍蝇杂交而来 五，串记法

在英语学习中，单词“难记易忘”，究其原因，一，虽然只是一个单词，但要背记的内容其实相当繁多，音（发音）、形（拼写）、意（中文意义）、用（词性、用法），一个都不能少；二，词与词之间

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缺乏联系，缺乏应用环境，背记单词最终都陷入死记硬背的苦战中；三，这种死记硬背的方法还非常不适合经常性地复习，而复习在长期记忆中却是至关重要的。以下面一组单词为例： administer [əd'mɪnɪstə(r)] v. 管理 administration [ədˌmɪnɪ'streɪʃn] n. 行政 adjust [ə'dʒʌst] v. 调节；使适于 adopt [ə'dɒpt] v. 采用

admirable ['ædmərəbl] adj. 可敬的，极好的 admit [əd'mɪt] v. 承认

smart[smɑːt] adj.时髦的；漂亮的；聪明的； adore [ə'dɔː(r)] v. 敬爱，极喜爱

admire [əd'maɪə(r)] v. 赞美，夸奖；钦佩 第二讲 电影《美女与野兽》赏析

（Beauty and The Beast)是第一部获奥斯卡奖提名最佳故事片的动画长片，并获第49届金球奖最佳影片（歌舞/喜剧类）奖。本片的制作预算高达8000万美元，由500多位动画师制作。 （二） 该片所获得的荣誉：

《美女与野兽》于1994年4月18日在百老汇的宫殿剧场(Palace Theatre)公演。 服装设计师 Ann Hold-Ward 获得了1994年度，“最佳服装设计”托尼奖(Tony Award)。

影史上至今唯一被提名奧斯卡最佳影片的动画 迪士尼第一部与流行音乐結合的动画片 迪士尼第一部之后改编为音乐剧的动画片 奧斯卡：最佳原著配乐奖 最佳歌曲《Beauty and the Beast》 最佳影片提名 最佳音乐提名

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最佳歌曲提名《Belle》 《Be Our Guest》 金球奖：最佳动画片---音乐喜剧 最佳电影原著音乐– 动画类

最佳电影歌曲《Beauty and the Beast》—动画类 葛莱美：最佳电视动画编曲

最佳電視動歌曲《Beauty and the Beast》 洛杉机联合影评奖：最佳动画片 四、人物形象介绍 1、 Belle：人物特性：梦想历险、有主见（甚至有点固执）、爱看书 人物介绍：贝儿最喜欢看书了，因为在书里面，她可以借着自己的想象力飞到远处，体会浪漫，她甚至会为了自己喜欢的书看上一遍又一遍。而在那个她出生的法国小村长里，美丽的贝儿却被看作另类。她曾经认为野兽是残酷的，并俘虏了她的爸爸，而为了解救她的父亲，她自己做为替代品，被“囚禁”起来，但是后来她才发现，野兽的内心是温柔善良的，而贝儿最后爱上了野兽，并为整个城堡带来了无限欢乐。

小常识：Belle在法语里就是“美女”的意思。中国有个鞋品牌百丽（Belle）就是用的这个单词。 2、 Beast：野兽原本是一个冷酷的王子，被变成了这副样子，在遇到贝儿后变得善良，最后变回了王子。

3、 Gaston：加斯顿是一个残酷，愚昧，高傲自大的人。他只会打猎，一心想娶贝儿为妻，不过贝儿并不喜欢他 五、经典情节赏析 开头片段：

Once upon a time, in a faraway land, a young prince lived in shining castle. Although he had everything his heart desired, the prince was spoiled, selfish, and unkind. But then, one. winter’s night, an old beggar woman came to the castle and, offered him a single rose in return for shelter from the bitter. cold. Repulsed by her haggard appearance, the prince sneered at the gift and turned the old woman away, but she warned him not to be deceived by appearances, for beauty is found within. And when he dismissed her again, the old woman's ugliness melted away to reveal a beautiful enchantress. The prince tried to apologize, but it was too late, for she had seen that there was no love in his heart, and as punishment, she transformed him into a hideous beast, and placed a powerful spell on the castle, and all who lived there. Ashamed of his monstrous form, the beast concealed himself inside his castle, with a magic mirror as his only window to the outside world. The rose she had offered was truly an enchanted rose, which would bloom until his twenty-first year. If he could learn to love another, and earn her love in return by the time the last petal fell, then the spell would be broken. If not, he would be doomed to remain a beast for all time. As the years passed, he fell into despair, and lost all hope, for who could ever learn to love a beast?

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文化介绍及对比 （一）“巴洛克”建筑风格

1、播放影片中所出现的有关“巴洛克”建筑的视频资料；

2、介绍“巴洛克”建筑风格的特点：巴洛克建筑风格巴洛克，是产生于文艺复兴高潮过后的一种文化艺术风格。它的外文为Bar-toque，意为畸形的珍珠，其艺术特点就是怪诞、扭曲、不规整。 巴洛克建筑风格的基调是富丽堂皇而又新奇欢畅，具有强烈的世俗享乐的味道。它主要有四个方面的特征： 第一，炫耀财富。它常常大量用贵重的材料、精细的加工、刻意的装饰，以显示其富有与高贵。第二，不拘泥于结构逻辑，常常采用一些非理性组合手法，从而产生反常与惊奇的特殊效果。第三，充满欢乐的气氛。第四，标新立异，追求新奇。

3、与中国古代建筑以及我国民族建筑风格进行对比； 4、出示一些能代表“巴洛克”建筑风格的典型图片。 （二）西餐点餐过程

1、播放影片中有关西餐点餐的视频资料； 2、介绍西餐点餐过程； 3、与中国点餐过程进行对比。

学唱本片经典歌曲《Beauty and the Beast》，在一种愉快的氛围中结束本节课。 第三讲英文歌曲欣赏《Earth Song》

教学内容： Ⅰ.lead-in: Do you like listening songs?

Do you like listening English songs? Can you list some names of English song? Can you sing? Who is your favorite singer?

Today, I want to talk about a singer, he is my favorite singer, he is the King of pop. I like his music and his dance very much. In my view, there will never have another person who can dance and sing like him. He made the Moonwalk. And he has more than thousand fans! He was also a great man, he made more than 40 foundations. Do you know his name? Today lets sing one of his songs named 《Earth Song》. Now let’s enjoy the MTV. Ⅱ analyzing

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1. Talk about the feeling about the song.

(迈克尔杰克逊是以一种什么样的感情演绎这首歌曲的？) 这是1995年Michael Jackson的专辑“History”中的一首歌曲。在这首歌中，Michael用淋漓的情感、高亢的高音嘶吼，流着泪诉说着一切正离我们而去的美好事物：“你有没有看到，地球在流泪，海岸在哭泣？一切和平呢？鲜花遍布的田野呢？属于你和我的所有梦想呢？神圣的土地被四分五裂……你是不是忘了在战争中哭着死去的孩子？”

2. Talk about what did you see from the MTV , How many scenes can you see in the movie? and what the MTV want to tell us. （Michael为呼吁人类行动起来，保护自然和我们赖以生存的地球。影片先后在4个国家取景，分别是亚马逊热带雨林、坦桑尼亚、克罗地亚和美国纽约。每个国家都不同程度存在因人类活动和科技发展造成的灾难。）影片开头，以竖琴和鸟类的美妙声音和丛林的景色来告诉我们大自然的美好，紧接着，镜头中出现了推土机以及烧毁的森林、被的野生动物、被层层烟雾覆盖住的蓝天、非洲上饥饿的儿童、被战争摧毁了家园的人们。从此，非洲大草原上再也没有成群的野生动物的身影，人们变得惊慌失措，无家可归的人们痛苦地掬起那一捧家乡的焦土。人们除了在焦土上以一种古老而奇特仪式呼唤神力之外，为力。终于，大地之母被唤醒。在狂风怒号、闪电雷鸣中，在Michael Jackson近乎绝望的嘶喊中，死者复活，万物重生……

What about sunrise 日出呢 What about rain 雨呢 What about all the things 还有你说的那些

that you said we were to gain 我们曾为之努力的一切呢 What about killing fields 消失的土地呢 Is there a time 还会再有吗

What about all the things 还有你说的那些

that you said was yours and mine 属于你我的一切呢 Did you ever stop to notice 你可曾停下脚步 All the blood we've shed before 想想我们曾为之付出的血汗 Did you ever stop to notice 你可曾停下脚步

This crying Earth its weeping shores 想想哭泣的地球和垂泪的海岸

What have we done to the world 我们对地球做了些什么 Look what we've done 看看我们都做了些什么 What about all the peace 所有的和平呢

that you pledge your only son 那是你向你唯一儿子许诺过的呀 What about flowering fields 鲜花开遍的田野呢 Is there a time 还会再有吗

What about all the dreams 还有你说的那些 that you said was yours and mine 属于你我的梦想呢 Did you ever stop to notice 你可曾停下脚步

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All the children dead from war 想想在战争中死去的孩子 Did you ever stop to notice 你可曾停下脚步

This crying Earth its weeping shores 想想哭泣的地球和垂泪的海岸 I used to dream 曾经有过梦想

I used to glance beyond the stars 曾经遥望群星之上 Now I don't know where we are 现在我不知道身在何处 Although I know we've drifted far 只知道我们已漂得太远 What about yesterday 往昔呢

(What about us) What about the sea 海洋呢 (What about us） Heavens are falling down 天堂在陨落 (What about us) I can't even breathe 我甚至不能呼吸 (What about us) What about lost again 再次失去呢

(What about us) I leaded the woe 我造成了这灾难 (What about us) What about nature's worth 大自然的财富呢 (ooo, ooo)

It's our planet's womb 它是我们星球的生命摇篮 (What about us) What about animals 动物们呢 (What about it)

Turned kingdoms to dust 它们王国被夷为废墟 (What about us) What about elephants 大象呢 (What about us)

Have we lost their trust 我们已失去他们的信任了吗 (What about us) What about crying whales 哭泣的鲸鱼呢 (What about us)

We're ravaging the seas 我们正在污染海洋 (What about us) What about forest trails 森林的小径呢(ooo, ooo)

Burnt despite our pleas 在的借口上焚烧 (What about us) What about the holy land 神圣的土地呢

(What about it) Torn apart by creed 被宗派四分五裂了 (What about us) What about the common man 平民百姓呢

(What about us) Can't we set him free 我们不能让他们自由吗 (What about us)

What about children dying 垂死的儿童呢 (What about us) Did you hear them cry 你听不到他们在哭吗 (What about us) Where did we go wrong 我们这是怎么了 (ooo, ooo) Someone tell me why 有人能告诉我吗

(What about us) What about the baby boy 婴孩呢 (What about it) What about the days 日子呢 (What about us)

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What about all their joy 他们所有的快乐呢 (What about us) What about the man 人类呢 (What about us)

What about the crying man 哭泣的人群呢 (What about us) What about Abraham 亚伯拉罕先知呢 (What was us) What about death again 想再次灭亡吗 (ooo, ooo) Do we give a damn 我们真的不在乎吗

3. What should we do to protect our home, our world? Ⅲ summing-up

在\"Earth Song\"中，Michael Jackson在片中扮演一个失落的救世主形象，他为被人为破坏的环境、被无辜屠戮的野生动物和被战火摧残的世界而悲泣，Michael Jackson以饱满的情感，声嘶力竭的怒吼在向人们谴责最大自然造成的危害，呼吁我们要保护环境，保护家园，保护我们的地球。Michael Jackson，一声赞扬无数，谴责也无数，我们很多人都只知道他是歌手，其实他还是一名慈善家，他曾向慈善基金捐助3亿美金，创建了数十个基金会。他所留给大家的是我们对世界的热爱，以及人与人之间永远的尊重与爱！最后，请大家一起欣赏他1985年，和莱昂纳尔·里奇共同谱写《We are the world》 第四讲 英语哲理美文欣赏：舍与得

There once was a master who went to india. in those times, we didn't have the communications or airplanes or many kinds of transportation that we do now. so the master went to india on foot. he had never been to india before; perhaps he came from persia. and when he got there, he saw a lot of fruit. in india they have plenty of fruit to sell, but much of it is expensive because they can't grow much due to the water situation. so he saw one basket, a big basket of some very red, long fruit. and it was the cheapest in the shop, not expensive at all.

从前有一位，他到印度去，那时候因为交通不发达，没有飞机，不像现在一样有很多交通工具，所以这位就步行去印度。他有可能是波斯人，以前没去过印度。他到印度时，看见许许多多的水果。在印度，有时因为缺水的缘故，水果产量不多，许多小店虽然摆满了水果，但多半都很贵。那位发现有个大篮子里面装着一种红色长条形的水果，这种水果的价格最便宜，一点都不贵.

So he went up and asked, \"how much per kilo?\" and the shopkeeper said, \"two rupees.\" two rupees in india is nothing; it's like dirt. so he bought a whole kilogram of the fruit and started eating it. but after he ate some of it: oh, my god! his eyes watered, his mouth watered and burned, his eyes were burning, his head was burning and his face became red. as he coughed and choked and gasped for breath, he jumped up and down, saying, \"ah! ah! ah!\"

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他就走过去询问：“这个一公斤要多少钱？”小贩回答：“两卢比。”两卢比在印度根本不算什么，像尘土一样不值钱，于是他就整整买了一公斤，然后开始吃。 吃了几口之后，这位就眼泪、口水齐流，眼睛发红，嘴巴辣得像着火一样，整个头好像要烧起来，他又咳又呛，满脸通红地喘不过气来，在那里边跳边叫：“啊！啊！啊！”

But he still continued to eat the fruit! some people who were looking at him shook their heads and said, \"you're crazy, man. those are chilies! you can't eat so many; they're not good for you! people use them as a condiment, but only a little bit to put into food for taste. you can't just eat them by the handful like that; they're not fruit!\" so the stupid master said, \"no, i can't stop! i paid money for them, and now i'll eat them. it's my money!\"

不过他还是继续吃！有人看到他这样子后，就摇摇头说：“老兄，你是脑袋坏掉啦？这是辣椒耶！不能吃那么多，这样对你不好。辣椒是用来调味的，煮菜时每次只放一点点在食物里增加味道。这个不是水果，不能这样整把拿起来吃啊！”那位笨说：“不行，我已经花钱买了，就要把它吃完，这可都是钱哪！”

And you think that master was stupid, right? similarly, we sometimes do a lot of things like that. we invest money, time or effort in a relationship, business or job. and even though it's been a long time, bitter experience tells us it won't work, and we know there's no more hope that things will change in the future - this we definitely know by intuition - we still continue just because we've invested money, time, effort and love into it. if so, we're kaput in the brain. just like the man who ate the chilies and suffered so much but couldn't stop because he didn't want to waste the money he'd paid. 你们觉得这位很笨，是吗？其实我们有时候也做很多类似的傻事。有时候我们在某些感

情或事业工作上，投入了金钱、时间和心力，经过长期的经营之后，我们从惨痛的经验中知道行不通，直觉也很清楚未来不会有任何转机，但我们还是舍不得放弃，因为已经投入了金钱、时间、心力和感情在里面。像这种情形，表示说我们头脑坏掉，就像那个吃辣椒的人一样，明明已经那么痛苦了，还是不肯停止，只因为不想白白浪费已经付出的钱。 So even if you've lost something, let it go and move on. that's better than continuing to lose. 就算你会有所损失，还是要放下，然后继续前进！这样总比一直损失下去来得好。

第五讲英语哲理美文欣赏：Silence 沉默

情或事业工作上，投入了金钱、时间和心力，经过长期的经营之后，我们从惨痛的经验中知道行不通，直觉也很清楚未来不会有任何转机，但我们还是舍不得放弃，因为已经投入了金钱、时间、心力和感情在里面。像这种情形，表示说我们头脑坏掉，就像那个吃辣椒的人一样，明

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明已经那么痛苦了，还是不肯停止，只因为不想白白浪费已经付出的钱。 So even if you've lost something, let it go and move on. that's better than continuing to lose. 就算你会有所损失，还是要放下，然后继续前进！这样总比一直损失下去来得好。 Silence is soundlessness; silence exists in different forms. 无声即沉默。沉默有各种各样—— An empty head or a blank mind which leads to speechlessness--that is silence. 腹中空泛，思想一片苍白，故无言可发，这是沉默。

Enthusiasm fades like dying embers and thus leads to cynicism and indifference to life, which arouses neither happiness nor sadness, neither worries nor anger, and which costs people their interest in and desire for anything--that is silence. 热情已如柴薪尽燃，故而冷漠处世，无喜无悲，无忧无愤，对人世的一切都失去兴趣和欲望，这也是沉默。

Despite all the experiences of love and hate, of disorientation and reorientation, of order-giving that was answered by hundreds and call-issuing that was not answered by a single soul, there is not a word uttered, but only a clam eye that watches on this world--that is also silence.

有过爱，有过恨，有过迷茫，有过颖悟，有过一呼百应的呐喊，有过得不到回报的呼唤，然而却收口如瓶，只是平静地冷眼看世界，这是沉默。

Worries and sufferings, tastes of changes and vicissitudes of the world, footprints left in mountains and valleys and noises of rivers and oceans cherished in the heart are all but hidden unrevealed--that is still silence.

饱经忧患，阅尽人生百态，胸有千山万壑的屐痕，有江河湖海的涛声，然而却深思不语，这也是沉默。

Either an invaluable Italian violin or a reed whistle cut out casually would remain silent if they are not played, although the connotations of their silences differ greatly. For even though they are never touched by anybody, you can still imagine the vastly different sounds they can possibly produce. 一把价值连城意大利小提琴，和一只被随手削出的芦笛，不去触动它们，便都是沉默，但沉默的内涵却并不一样，即便永远不在有人去触动它们，你依然可以想象听见它们可能发出的绝然不同的鸣响。

A flawless jade ornament, or a coarse, gross brick will always remain silent if it is left untouched, but who can draw an equal sign between them?

一块莹洁无暇的美玉，和一块粗糙的土砖，放在那里也都是沉默。然而谁能把它们所代表的内容划一个等号呢？

Indeed, for a living being there is no such thing as true silence, for silence itself is a revelation of the

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mind and the heart, an echo of the soul of a different form.

其实，对活着的生命而言，真正的沉默是不存在的。沉默本身也是一种思想和心境的流露，是灵魂的另一种形式的回声。

Some people use silence as a disguise of the emptiness of the head. 有的人以沉默掩饰思想的空虚。 Some use it as a means to depict their disorientation and melancholy. 有的人以沉默叙述迷茫和惆怅。

And some use it as a way of expressing their angers and sorrows. 有的人以沉默表达内心的愤怒和忧伤。

Silence usually is ephemeral. It reminds one of the bronze bells dangling from a pagoda's eaves; on windless days they are a decoration upon the age-weathered beauty, but with wind they give out wonderful tinkling and jingling metallurgic sounds, as if echoing age-old stories of long, long ago...

沉默常常是暂时的。就像古塔檐角下的铜铃，无风时，它们只是一种古色古香的装饰，一起风，它们便会发出奇妙的金属音响，似乎是许多古老故事的悠远的回声„„ Do you not think the same of silent people? 沉默的人们不也一样?

They say that \"silence is golden\d kindness; it can stand for indifference to and detachment from fame and fortune; but it can also act as an excuse for hypocrisy, slyness and cowardice... the glittering of gold may not necessarily be the most brilliant lustre in the world.

“沉默是金”，是怎样的一种“金”呢? 这个“金”字中，可以包含正直、善良，可以代表淡泊、超脱，也可以是虚伪、圆滑、怯懦的一种托辞„„金子的光泽，未必是世界上最动人的光泽。 Can it be that permanent silence is only represented by death? 是不是只有死亡才是永远的沉默? Perhaps even death cannot represent true silence, for the carrier of the soul can turn into dust, so that the sincere and wise voices from the bottom of the heart will trigger long-lasting echoes in the seas of human hearts...

也许，死亡也未必是真正的沉默，灵魂的载体可以化为尘土，那些真诚睿智的心声，却会长久地在人心的海洋中引起悠长的回声„„

人一生，短短数载，不够时间计较，不够时间事事明细，不必在思前想后中耗磨时间，懂得享乐，人生贵在糊涂。

We all, at one time or another, have pretended to be a rock star, singing and dancing along to our favorite song. Most of us have done this in the privacy of our own room when we were kids and as adults, in the privacy of our homes. Me? I love to do that when I drive! I turn on the radio, find a song that I c

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an sing along too and pretty soon my arms are in the air and I am moving along to the rhythm. Most of the time, I do this on my way to work. 我们每个人，在不同时期，都曾经像一个摇滚歌星那样，伴着我们最爱的那首歌又唱又跳.很多人在小时候，甚至是已长大成人，都曾在我们自己房间和家里这样的隐秘空间里这样做过。我呢？我喜欢在开车的时候这样！打开收音机，找一首会唱的歌，很快我就会张开双臂，随着节奏起舞。大部分时候，我在上班的路上这么做。 Yes, that is true. I will be in my nice work clothes, jamming while driving or stopped at a traffic light. I get weird looks from some people and others laugh. Personally, I love to get lost in the rhythm of a song which leads me to share with you the importance of being silly! 是的，那是真的。我会穿上我漂亮的工作服，在堵车和遇到交通灯时，有人就会用奇怪的眼神看着我，或者笑我。对我个人而言，我喜欢沉浸在一首歌的节奏中，由此我愿和你们分享：为人糊涂贵在何处。

The definition for the word silly, according to the dictionary is: stupid, foolish and nonsensical. I know many people do not want to look foolish. So they walk around all serious, which in all honesty, is foolish!

糊涂一词在字典中的定义是：愚蠢的，傻，荒谬的。我知道很多人都不想被人看作愚笨。所以他们在生活中始终一脸严肃，而这在本质上才是真正的愚笨。

No one is perfect, I repeat: no one is perfect. I don't care how educated, how thin, how beautiful, how simple, how frugal, how rich, and so on„ No one is perfect! So why pretend to be something you are not? 人无完人，我重申一次：没有人是完美的。我不在乎一个人学识多深，身材多好，外表多美，思想多浅薄，生活多俭朴，多富有，等等„„人无完人！那么，为什么要伪装成我们实际上本不是的呢？

Life is so short„ You never know when this beautiful journey will be over, so why waste a single second on being so full of rigidity? Here is a quote by Souza, that I think says it all and is a great recipe for life:

人生何其短暂„„你不会知道这美好的征程何时会结束，那么，为什么要浪费一分一秒，让自己变得棱角分明？这里引用索萨的话，我觉得她一语中的，是人生的一大秘方。 “Dance as though no one is watching you,

Love as though you have never been hurt before, Sing as though no one can hear you, Live as though heaven is on earth.“ 跳舞吧，就像没有人欣赏一样， 去爱吧，就像没有受到伤害一样， 唱歌吧，就像没有人倾听一样， 生活吧，就像今天是最后一天一样。

When we were kids, we had no idea of what limitations were and we had no care in the world so we could do things without worrying about how we appeared to others. However, as we grew up, we lost t

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hat childlike innocence.

当我们还是孩子，我们天不怕，地不怕，无忧无虑，所以我们可以不在乎自己再别人眼中的形象去做事情。然而，当我们长大，我们失去了那种天真烂漫。

So don't lose the child that still lives within you. The next time you feel down, go turn on your favorite song, and sing and dance along like there is no tomorrow. Or watch something that makes you laugh. Laughter is the best medicine to whatever ails you and nothing is better than laughing so hard that your tummy hurts. Trust me, you will feel a whole lot better, and who doesn't want to feel good? 所以，不要丢失你心中那个小孩。下次你感到沮丧时，去打开你最爱的那首歌吧，随之歌唱起舞，就像没有明天一样。或者看点能让你笑的东西。笑声是除去任何烦恼良方，没有什么比笑到肚子疼更好的事了。相信我，你会好受很多，谁又不想让自己好受呢？

第六讲 英美文化差异

1、 The plot in an ad of HSBC is the Chinese boss invite British colleague to the restaurant , the boss order a bowl of eel noodles. Although

the British colleagues think it has substandard appetite, but in order to show politeness, he quickly eat them up; But in the boss/ s opinion, this express that British colleagues did not have enough and to some extent he suspected his stingy performance, so the boss has ordered a larger eel noodles, who knows the British colleague eat them up again , finaliy the boss ordered the largest piece of eel, this is a big joke.汇丰银行的一则广告中的情节是中国老板邀请英国同事前往中餐厅吃饭，中国老板点的是黄鳝汤面。 虽然英国同事觉得很不合胃口，但为了表示礼貌，他还是飞快地将自己的那一份吃得干干净净；但在中国老板看来，这是英国同事没有吃饱而且在某种程度上怀疑他小气的表现， 于是老板又点了一盘更大的黄鳝汤面，谁知道英国同事为了表示尊敬居然又吃了个干干净净，最后老板不得不点了最大的那条鳝鱼，闹了个很大的笑话。

Cultural differences: Eastern and Western have different table manners, the Chinese emphasis on indirect communication ; Westerners emphasis on direct communication , often directly speak their minds, so the combination of two different cultures sometimes this can lead to misunderstandings and misconceptions.

文化差异：中西方不同的table manners（用餐礼仪），中国人讲求indirect communication（间接交流）；西方人讲求direct communication（直接交流），经常是直接说出自己的想法， 所以两种不同的文化结合有时就会导致这样的误会和误解。

2、 Another HSBC ad, an American boy traveling to Italy, met a beautiful Italian girl. They get in lov

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e with each other at first sight, but the

problem is that each language barrier. In order to express feelings, the young man sent flowers wrote on the girl's name --- Sophia on her doorstep. But unfortunately he chose white chrysanthemums and white chrysanthemums on behalf of death and grief in the Italian culture. Neighbors saw white chrysanthemums naturally think of Sophia after an accident and died at her door spontaneously put bunches of white chrysanthemums. Pm Sophia out of the door, people who thought she might have been dead are surprise, still think that the ghost appeared.还是一则汇丰银行的广告，一个美国小伙子去意大利旅行，邂逅了一个美丽的意大利姑娘。两个人都一见钟情，但问题在于互相语言不通。为了表达自己的情意， 美国小伙子送去一束鲜花并写上姑娘的名字———Sophia放在她家门口，作为自己心意的表达。 但不幸地是他选择了白菊花，而白菊花在意大利文化中代表死亡和哀伤。 邻居们看到白菊花后自然而然地联想到Sophia出了意外而去世了，自发地在她门口摆上一束束白菊花。 下午Sophia走出门口时，都以为她已经不在人世的人们大吃一惊，还以为鬼魂现身。

Cultural differences: people from different countries have different aesthetic standards and values . 文化差异：说明不同国家的人具有不同的审美观念和价值观念。 3、由《乱世佳人》和《红楼梦》中的爱情看中外的文化差异

三个多小时的《乱世佳人》以南北战争为背景，由女主人公三次失败的婚姻情感为线索，描绘了一出荡气回肠的史歌，而在欣赏之后再细细品味之时，东西方文化的差异也一览无遗。首先，中西方在追求爱的过程中所用的表达方式是有很大的差异的。在《乱世佳人》中，阿希礼的婚宴上，斯嘉丽以她的美丽征服了众多的男士，其中，查尔斯对她的爱慕之情是有目共睹的，他对斯嘉丽说：“亲爱的，你就是世界上最美的人儿，虽然我知道我配不上你，但还是得说，我爱你。”大胆火热的表达方式，是西方爱情中的一大特色。而在中国，在一场完美的邂逅之后，随之而来是一场含蓄唯美的缠绵，从暗送秋波，到眉目传情，再从情诗八百首到鸿雁传情，等到好不容易牵上手了，还得这么去解说相思之情，如“心乎爱矣，遐不谓矣，中心藏之，何日忘之。”等等。《红楼梦》中个主人公之间纠结的感情就是例证。

文化差异：中国人做事喜欢做铺垫，不喜欢捅破窗户纸，爱情中享受暧昧的过程（indirect），美国人更直接（direct）表达感情。 4、有一段禁止砍伐森林的美国公益广告，镜头落在一段树桩的清晰的年轮上，

箭头随着镜头先后指向从中心到靠近边缘的三圈年轮，分别显示着字幕“BIRTH OF NAPOLEON”“BIRTH OF VAN GOGH”“BIRTH OF ENISTEIN”（“拿破仑出生”“凡高出生”“爱因斯坦出生”)，在最边缘的几圈年轮上，箭头指示着

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“BIRTH OF THE MOTHER FUCKER WHO CUT DOWN THIS TREE”（“那个砍倒这棵树的该死的家伙出生”）；最后镜头缓缓转向一片模糊的绿色，“STOP DEFORESTATION”（禁止砍伐森林）。

同样是保护树木、严禁滥伐的主题，央视十套曾播出过李爱莉的一则独白公益广告，自述在植物绘图的过程中，眼睁睁看着一种种植物消失，最后的字幕是“不要让生命离我们远去”——很典型的中式宣传语，引导方向在“我们”，而前面提到的美国广告则直指“那个家伙”，区别显而易见。

文化差异：美国奉行个人主义(individualism)，强调个体的性，人生要为自己而活（more ambitious），个人要对自己负责(responsibility)，其宣传口吻也往往都是针对每个人，针对“你(you one)”，而不是针对“你们”或者“我们”；一方面，是提醒人们事关自己的利益，另一方面，也是犀利的指出，这是每个人的责任，不接推卸。而中国则恰好相反，遵循集体主义(collectivism)，强调集体的利益高于个人利益，同时中国忠孝礼义的传统也时时提醒着人们，要对他人负责，对子孙后代负责，所以中式宣传的引导方向基本都是“我们(we)”、“大家”、“人类”之类；这样的口吻的确可以促进大家的向心凝聚,营造一种和谐的社会氛围，但同时，责任的分摊也淡化了每个人的责任意识，让人有了推卸的机会，致使宣传鼓动性不足。

5、记得前些年央视播出的一个“给妈妈洗脚”的广告曾感动了很多人，红极一时。讲的就是一个小孩看到妈妈操劳一天，还要给奶奶洗脚后，也跌跌撞撞地端来半盆水，给妈妈洗脚讲故事的事，从而传达出关爱老人，用心尽孝的主旨。相比之下，美国的那则“孩子的未来”的广告则要抽象得多。吸烟、随地丢烟头垃圾、车上对骂、发火批评、抱怨、家庭暴力……视频中父母的不良行为都被小孩一一模仿，一大一小的对比为家长时时敲着警钟：你现在的行为就是孩子的将来。

这组关于孩子教育问题的两段公益广告，在表现形式上的差异更为明显。中国广告的故事体裁以感情动人，通过颂扬妈妈的孝顺、孩子的懂事来呼吁大家关爱老人，同时也是告诉家长们身教的重要性。美国广告的场景拼接则是以事实服人，貌似喧闹的场景，却是一场无声的警告；当看到与孩子们稚嫩纯真的脸庞极不相符的污言秽语、无礼粗俗暴力行为时，又有谁不为之一震、反省一思呢？ 文化差异： 两则广告反映了中美思维方式的差异。中国多保守(conservative)、重传统(traditional)，中国人形成了相对感性的思维模式，注重情感的相通；相应地，美国人形成相对理性(的思维模式，个人主义的自由观念和相对宽松的政治、教育环境培养了他们的(rationality)新思维。这也就是为什么我们看到的中国产品、尤其是文化科技作品都大同小异，而美国则多有新创意，新亮点的原因。

6、英剧唐顿庄园（第一季）讲述了1912-1914年，乔治五世时期，唐顿庄园的Grantham伯爵

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(earl)一家，由家产继承问题而引发的种种纠葛和摩擦， 呈现了英国上层贵族与其仆人们在森严的等级制度（class systems）下的人间百态。故事的焦点集中在Grantham的产业需要一位男性继承人，Lady Mary试图找一位合适的郎君（have good social ladder），否则只能由远方大表哥（bad social ladder）来继承。但恋爱麻烦重重,其中有一段与外国王子发生关系,是一段严重的淑女的丑闻（no lady like）。伯爵(earl)小女儿（Lady Sybil）与司机(Branson)相恋，倍受反对（because the class problem），后来即使被接受在一起，司机还是被看不起，还改叫了名字（Tom） 文化差异：这部英剧突出反映了英国严格的等级制度(class systems)，每个人都有在社会中的等级地位（the social status）,不同等级的人不能随便产生交集，每个人在自己的地位上不能干出格的事情。 7

、

The movie \"freaky Friday\nderstand each other, and finally turned to reconcile after story. the beginning of the story, when my mother learned that her daughter low scores and the bad performance at school, so she pulled down the daughters door, telling her she had no privacy, daughter instantly collapse. This is just a small part of foreign private, there are other foreigners are more mind people asking about their work and wages. His house is provided with a fence does not allow others to enter.

Cultural differences: Chinese privacy idea is thin, not too many of the inviolability of the area, so the foreigners often so that we can not understand.

电影《freaky Friday》，讲的是一个过时的老妈和她青春期的女儿anna互相不理解，最后大变身后和解的故事。其中，故事开始时，当妈妈了解到女儿在学校不好的成绩和不良的表现，拆掉了女儿的房门，告诉她以后她没有privacy，女儿瞬间崩溃。这只是外国人注重隐私的一小部分，其他还有外国人比较介意别人询问自己的工作工资等。自己的家都设有篱笆不允许别人随便进入。 文化差异：中国人隐私的观念比较淡薄，没有太多的不可侵犯的领域，所以外国人的隐私观念常常让我们无法理解。 8

、

The movie \"What a Girl Wants\me of the details of life girl in Britain reflects the differences between British and American culture. When the father's mother to the girl's good intentions, the girls be overwhelmed by an unexpected favour, immediately gave her a hug (American express their feeling directly), then the grandmother has not refused, but said the British only expressing feelings directly toward animal cats and dogs. (British are reserved). Later, the father to the campaign, asked her daughter to change their style, the reason is t

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hat their social status , but the girls as an American representative, or (be quite informal in their general behavior. Finally she choose to be her own.

电影《What a Girl Wants》，讲一个在美国生活的女孩去寻找在英国的生父的故事，女孩在英国的某些生活细节反映出英美文化的差异。当生父的妈妈对女孩子表示出善意时，女孩子受宠若惊，立马给了她一个拥抱（American express their feeling directly），这时的奶奶虽没有严词拒绝，但却说英国人只对动物猫狗直接表达感情（British are reserved）。后来，父亲要竞选，要求女儿改变自己的行事风格，理由就是他们的社会地位（the social status），但是女孩子作为美国人的代表，还是（be quite informal in their general behavior）,最后还是选择做她自己。 9

、

A Chinese school leader introduce the new American teacher to the students. He side,Ladies and gentlemen, I'm delighted to introduce to you a very pretty girl, Miss Brown. She is a very good teacher from the USA. At these words, America female teachers feel embarrassed. 文化差异：中国人介绍来宾，喜欢用褒扬的话语言辞。但美国人认为，初次结识，相互介绍，不必评头论足。凡是主观性的评论，尽管是美言，也会给人唐突、强加的感觉。对以上那番话，美国女教师感到难堪的是pretty和good两个词。在那种场合，介绍应该突出背介绍人的身份、学历、职务等，而不应该是外貌和抽象的评论。相比之下，如果把pretty和good改成实际教育背景和经历，这样的介绍句比较客观，令人容易接受。 10

、

A America colleagues caught a cold, Chinese colleagues said as follow Chinese: You look pale. What's the matter? American: I'm feeling sick. A cold, maybe.

Chinese: Go and see the doctor. Drink more water. Did you take any pills? Chinese medicine works wonderful. Would you like to try? Put on more clothes. Have a good rest. American: You are not my mother, are you?

文化差异：美国人比较看中个人的性（individualism）。受人照顾往往被视为弱者。给对方出主意或提建议时，不能使对方认为自己小看他的能力。美国人对上面第一句话的反应通常是\"Take care of yourself. I hope you'll be better soon.\"不必教人怎么做。中国人则以出主意提建议表示关心，而且以兄弟姐妹或父母亲人的口吻，或以过来人的口气，这对美国人行不通。 11、有空来坐坐

一位美国教师在中国任教，中国同事总是对她说：“有空来坐坐”。可是，半年过去了，美国同事从来没有上过门。中国同事又对她说：“我真的欢迎你来家里坐坐。如果没空的话，随时打电话来聊聊也行。”一年下来，美国同事既没有来电话，也没有来访。奇怪的事，这位美国人常为

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没人邀请她而苦恼。

文化差异：中国亲朋好友合同事之间的串门很随便，邀请别人来访无需为对方确定时间，自己去探访别人无需郑重其事征得同意。美国人则没有串门的习惯。一年内遇到大节日，亲朋好友才到家里聚一聚。平时如果有事上门，实现要有时间确切的预约（The exact appointment）。没有得到对方的应允，随时随地随便上门时不礼貌的行为。因此，美国同事对“有空来坐坐”这句话只当作虚礼客套，不当作正式邀请。无事打电话闲聊也是美国人视为打乱别人私人时间（privacy）和活动安排的冒犯行为。若想邀请美国人上门，应当诚意的于对方商定一个互相都方便的时间。

第七讲英美文化知识 节日、礼仪、生活

英语国家中传统的文娱和体育活动:棒球、橄榄球等；

英国:4月23日/7月---戏剧节--为纪念莎士比亚而举行的盛大文娱活动

英语国家中重要的节假日:圣诞节---12月25日，情人节----2月14日；感恩节—11月的第四个星期四开始，持续四天

感恩节

每年11月的最后一个星期四是感恩节 (Thanksgiving Day) 。感恩节是美国人民独创的一个古老节日，也是美国人合家欢聚的节日，因此美国人提起感恩节总是倍感亲切。

感恩节的由来要一直追溯到美国历史的发端。1620年，著名的“五月花”号船满载不堪忍受英国国内宗教的清教徒102人到达美洲。1620年和1621年之交的冬天，他们遇到了难以想象的困难，处在饥寒交迫之中，冬天过去时，活下来的移民只有50来人。这时，心地善良的印第安人给移民送来了生活必需品，还特地派人教他们怎样狩猎、捕鱼和种植玉米、南瓜。在印第安人的帮助下，移民们终于获得了丰收，在欢收的日子，按照宗

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教传统习俗，移民规定了感谢上帝的日子，并决定为感谢印第安人的真诚帮助，邀请他们一同庆祝节日。

在第一个感恩节的这一天，印第安人和移民欢聚一堂，他们在黎明时鸣放礼炮，列队走进一间用作教堂的屋子，虔诚地向上帝表达谢意，然后点起篝火举行盛大宴会。第二天和第三天又举行了摔跤、赛跑、唱歌、跳舞等活动。第一个感恩节非常成功。其中许多庆祝方式流传了300多年，一直保留到今天。

初时感恩节没有固定日期，由各州临时决定。直到美国后的1863年，林肯总统宣布感恩节为全国性节日。

习 俗

每逢感恩节这一天，美国举国上下热闹非常，人们按照习俗前往教堂做感恩祈祷，城乡市镇到处举行化装、戏剧表演和体育比赛等，学校和商店也都按规定放假体息。孩子们还模仿当年印第安人的模样穿上离奇古怪的服装，画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。散居在他乡外地的家人也会回家过节，一家人团团围坐在一起，大嚼美味火鸡。

同时，好客的美国人也忘不掉这一天邀请好友、单身汉或远离家乡的入共度佳节。从18世纪起，美国就开始出现一种给贫穷人家送一篮子食物的风俗。当时有一群年轻妇女想在一年中选一天专门做善事，认为选定感恩节是最恰当不过的。所以感恩节一到，她们就装上满清一篮食物亲自送到穷人家。这件事远近传闻，不久就有许多人学着她们的样子做起来。

美 食

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美国人一年中最重视的一餐，就是感恩节的晚宴。在美国这个生活节奏很快，竞争激烈的国度里，平日的饮食极为简单。但在感恩节的夜晚，家家户户都大办筵席，

物品之丰盛，令人咋舌。在节日的餐桌上，上至总统，下至庶民，火鸡和南瓜饼都是必备的。因此，感恩节也被称为“火鸡节”。

感恩节的食品富有传统特色。火鸡是感恩节的传统主菜，它原是栖息于北美洲的野禽，后经人们大批饲养，成为美味家禽，每只可重达四五十磅。通常是把火鸡肚子里塞上各种调料和拌好的食品，然后整只烤出，鸡皮烤成深棕色，由男主人用刀切成薄片分给大家。然后由各人自己浇上卤汁，洒上盐，味道十分鲜美。此外，感恩节的传统食品还有甜山芋、玉蜀黍、南瓜饼、红莓苔子果酱、自己烘烤的面包及各种蔬菜和水果等。

游 戏

感恩节宴会后，有些家庭还常常做些传统游戏。第一次感恩节，人们进行了跳舞、比赛等许多娱乐活动，其中有些一直流传至今。有种游戏叫蔓越桔竞赛，是把一个装有蔓越桔的大碗放在地上，4-10名竞赛者围坐在周围，每人发给针线一份。比赛一开始，他们先穿针线，然后把蔓越桔一个个串起来，3分钟一到；谁串得最长，谁就得奖。至于穿得最慢的人，大家还开玩笑地发给他一个最差奖。

还有一种玉米游戏也很古老。据说这是为了纪念当年在粮食匮乏的情况下发给每个移民五个玉米而流传下来的。游戏时。人们把五个玉米藏在屋里，由大家分头去找，找到玉米的五个人参加比赛，其他人在一旁观看。比赛开始，五个人就迅速把玉米粒剥在一个碗里，谁先剥完谁得奖，然后由没有参加比赛的人围在碗旁边猜里面有多少玉米粒，猜得数量最接近的奖给一大意爆玉米花。

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人们最喜爱的游戏要算南瓜赛跑了。比赛者用一把小勺推着南瓜跑，规则是绝对不能用手碰南瓜，先到终点者获奖。比赛用的勺子越小，游戏就越有意思。

除去这些活动外，有些家庭在节日里驱车到乡间去郊游，或是坐飞机出去旅行，特别是当年移民们安家落户的地方——普利茅斯港更是游客们向往的所在。在那里，可以看到按照“五月花”号仿制的船和普利茅斯石，还可以花几个小时在移民村里参观。移民村是仿照当年的样子建成的。参观时，还有专门人员扮成请教徒同游客们谈天，给人以身临其境的感觉。

多少年来，庆祝感恩节的习俗代代相传，无论在岩石嶙峋的西海岸还是在风光旖旎的夏威夷，人们几乎在以同样的方式欢度感恩节，感恩节是不论何种信仰、何种民族的美国人都庆祝的传统节日。

圣诞节

12月25日这一天，各教会都会分别举行崇拜仪式。天主教与东正教举行圣诞弥撤，新教举行圣诞礼拜。有些教会的庆祝活动 从午夜零点就开始。除崇拜仪式外，还演出圣诞剧，

表演 耶稣降生的故事。

圣诞起源

据教徒的圣书《圣经》说，上帝决定让他的独生子耶稣投生人间，找个母亲，然后就在人间生活，以便人们能更好地了解上帝、学习热爱上帝和更好地相互热爱。“圣诞节”的意思是“庆祝”，庆祝一个年轻的犹太妇女玛丽娅生下耶稣的时刻。

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玛丽娅已和木匠约瑟夫订婚。可是，在他们同居之前，约瑟夫发现玛丽娅已怀孕。因为约瑟夫是个正派的人，又不想把这件事说出去让她丢脸，所以他想悄悄地和她分手。他正在考虑这事时，上帝的天使出现在他的梦中，对他说，“不要嘀咕了，把玛丽娅娶回家。她怀的孩子来自圣灵。她将生下个男孩子，你们给孩子起名叫耶稣，因为他将从罪恶中拯救人们。”

尽管耶稣的确切生日并不清楚，大约是在2000年前，但是日历按着假定日期把时间分为公元前（耶稣诞生前）和公元后（A. D. 是拉丁文缩写，意思是“有了我们主--耶稣的年代”）。在公元后的头三百年间，耶稣的生日是在不同的日子庆祝的。最后，在公元354年，教堂的领导人把12月25日定为耶稣的生日。

圣诞PARTY：

圣诞节必不可少的节目，有家庭式的，朋友式的，情人式的各种歌样PARTY。一种友情，亲情，爱情聚会的好时光。戴着圣诞帽，唱着圣诞歌，说说大家的圣诞愿望。

圣诞大餐：

圣诞节作为一个隆重庆祝节日，不能少了好吃美味食品。圣诞节火鸡大餐就是例牌主菜了，以前的人们或许会用微波炉自己做，现在的人们过节好多就是在外面餐馆里用餐了，商家们也会利用机会赚顾客们的钱，当然还有许多圣诞节食品，姜饼、糖果等等了。

圣诞帽：

那是一顶红色帽子，据说晚上戴上睡觉除了睡得安稳和有点暖外，第二天你还会发现在帽子里多了点心爱的人送的礼物。在狂欢夜它更是全场的主角，无论你去到那个角落，都会看到各式各样的红帽子，有的还有帽尖发亮的，有的是金光闪闪的。

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圣诞袜：

最早以前是一对红色的大袜子，多大都可以，因为圣诞袜是要用来装礼物的，小朋友最喜欢的东西，晚上他们会将自己的袜子挂在床边，等待第二天早上的收礼。要是有人圣诞节送小汽车那怎么办？那最好就叫他写张支票放进袜子里好了。

圣诞卡：

是祝贺圣诞及新年的贺卡，上面印着关于耶稣降生故事的图画，以及“庆祝圣诞、新年快乐之类的祝愿的话。

报佳音：

圣诞夜指12月24日晚至25日晨。教会组织一些圣诗班（或由信徒自发地组成）挨门挨户地在门口或窗下唱圣诞颂歌，叫作“报佳音”，意思是再现当年天使向伯利恒郊外的牧羊人报告

耶稣降生的喜讯。“报佳音”的人称为Christmas Waits，这项活动往往要进行到天亮，人数越来越多，歌声越来越大，大街小巷满城尽是歌声。

万圣节作为西方的重要节日之一，颇受人民的重视，在那一天，人们家家户户门前都要挂上一盏南瓜灯，人人都穿上奇装异服，据说有镇邪之用。其实，作为先进的发达国家，人民的思想觉悟意识已很强，对于鬼怪已不再迷信，而他们为啥还装模作样的？多半是为了寻开心而已。普遍在那一天，人们会举行盛大的化妆舞会，会举办一些关于南瓜的活动，还有那些小孩子，可乐坏了他们，因为每到这一天，他们可以任意去左邻右舍讨吃的，绝不会受到惩罚。

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感恩节是北美特有的喜收的民间节日，美国的感恩节定在每年11月的第四个星期四，它始于1629年。每逢感恩节，美国全国放假三天，有上万的人前往普利茅斯游览，散居外地的人，都在感恩节回家团聚，人们将火鸡肚内填满用核桃仁、玉米渣、香肠、红莓、葡萄干做的馅，然后刷上油用火烤，制成内嫩外酥油光光的烤火鸡，外表很像北京烤鸭，吃时再浇些肉汁。烤火鸡和南瓜馅饼是感恩节必备的传统食品。

西方的情人节可谓众所周知。在那二月正值春暖花开，万物复苏，一片盈然春意，真是谈情说爱的大好时机。试想，在美好的傍晚，携着恋人的手，一路上卿卿我我，男的给女朋友送上一串鲜艳的红玫瑰，女的送给男朋友一盒甜滋滋的巧克力，多么浪漫的场面，多么令人向往的一刻，难怪乎，情人节能风靡欧美，席卷全球。

每年4月1日，是西方也是美国的民间传统节日——愚人节。愚人节起源于法国。愚人节最典型的活动还是大家互相开玩笑，用假话捉弄对方。有的人把细线拴着的钱包丢在大街上，自己在暗处拉着线的另一端。一旦有人捡起钱包，他们就出其不意地猛然把钱包拽走。还有人把砖头放在破帽子下面搁在马路当中，然后等着看谁来了会踢它。小孩们会告诉父母说自己的书包破了个洞，或者脸上有个黑点．等大人俯身来看时，他们就一边喊着“四月傻瓜”。一边笑着跑开去。总之，每逢愚人节这一天，动物园和水族馆还会接到不少打给菲什(鱼)先生成莱昂(狮子)先生的电话，常常惹得工作人员掐断电话线，以便减少麻烦。

复活节是教纪念耶稣复活的节日。在欧美各国，复活节是仅次于圣诞节的重大节日。按《圣经·马太福音》的说法，耶稣在十字架上受刑死后三天复活，因而设立此节。根据西方教会的传统，在春分节（3月21日）当日见到满月或过了春分见到第一个满月之后，遇到的第一个星期日即为复活

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节。东方教会则规定，如果满月恰好出现在这第一个星期日，则复活节再推迟一周。因此，节期大致在3月22日至4月25日之间。德国规定复活节休息两天。在节日里，家人团聚，品尝各种传统食品，亲戚朋友见面要互相祝贺。 象征生命的蛋、火、水、兔等成了复活节的吉祥物。鸡蛋和兔子在西方是新的生命和兴旺发达的象征。鸡蛋的本色象征太阳，把鸡蛋染成红色则象征生活幸福。在复活节中，父母要特地为孩子们准备制成鸡蛋、兔子形状的巧克力糖。亲友间要互赠彩蛋。在莱茵河中游和黑森东部的一些城镇，至今保留着\"彩蛋树\"这一古老习俗。人们把成百的蛋壳涂上彩画，串成蛋链，在复活节这天挂在松树上，制成彩蛋树，大人孩子围着彩蛋树唱歌、跳舞、庆祝复活节。而阿尔卑斯山的姑娘们则通过赠送红鸡蛋来表达自己的爱情。在复活节这天，姑娘如果向某一小伙子赠送三个红鸡蛋，表示姑娘向小伙子求爱。

几点英美文化常识

西方人眼中的数字

生活中的数字(number)无处不在，但有写数字带有固定的象征意义。由于中西方国家文化背景和风俗习惯的不同，它的意义和用法也有很大的差异，听我来介绍一下吧。

就像咱们中国人(Chinese)偏爱数字8(eight)和6(six)，忌讳4(four)一样，西方人认为3(three)和7(seven)是大吉大利的数字，会给人带来幸福和快乐。

西方文化认为世界(the world)是由大地(land),海洋(sea)与天空(sky)三者合成的；大自然由动物(animal),植物(plant)和矿物构成,所以他们就特别喜欢3这个数字。

但是西方人认为13 (thirteen)是个不祥的数字。重大活动不安排在13号，请客避免13人入席，电影院里没有第13排和13号座位。

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这是因为耶稣受难的前夜，和12个门徒共进晚餐，师徒13人中出现了一个叛徒犹大，因此，信奉教的民族都认为13是个不祥的数字。

国家的奥秘

拓展孩子对英美文化和历史的了解，本期学科学习给您和孩子提供了这方面的内容，欢迎查看！

“英国”的种种表达：

英国的全称是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国（The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland），简称为联合王国，缩写为the U.K. 。英国由两个大岛组成，一个是大不列颠，另一个是爱尔兰岛北部。大不列颠由威尔士（Wales），英格兰（England）和苏格兰（Scotland）三部分组成，其中英格兰面积最大，人口最多，所以人们谈起英国的时候常常称之为England或者Britain。

国家名称和大写字母

大家一定都知道我们的祖国的英语名称是China吧！但是提到PRC，可能很多同学就不知道了，其实PRC也是中国的意思！在英语中，为了使用方便，

很多国家名称都可以用几个简单的大写字母来代替，如：

PRC =the People's Republic of China中国（中华人民共和国）

CAN = Canada 加拿大

US = USA = the United States of America 美国（美利坚合众国）

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UK = the United Kingdom (of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)英国（大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国）

大写字母不仅能代表国家名称的缩略形式，还有许多的用途，例如：厕所WC；世界贸易组织WTO；光盘CD等。大家不妨搜集一下，把这些有意义的大写字母都放在一起，好好领略领略大写字母的魅力吧！

西方的进餐礼仪

欧美国家(country)的餐桌大多是长方形的，男主人(host)坐在桌子的一端，女主人(hostess)坐在另一端，通常安排座位时要尽量避免两位男宾或两位女宾并坐在一起。 就餐时，身体(body)要坐得端正，身体和餐桌间距离以能使用刀(knife)、叉(fork)、匙(spoon)和饮食方便为度，手臂不要放在桌上，也不要张开妨碍别人。餐巾只用于擦嘴(mouth)和手(hands),切不可用来擦拭餐具和擦鼻涕、擦汗。用餐完毕后收起餐巾放在盘子(plate)右方。使用knife, fork和spoon时，不要弄出声音，不用时，也不要用手摆弄刀叉玩。当一道菜吃完，或不想再吃时，就把刀和叉并排放在一起，刀叉的柄朝自己胸部。如未吃完，只是为了谈话暂时停吃，就把刀叉摆成“八”字形，这样服务员就不会把盘子收走。 女主人通常是主持整个宴会(party)的主人，大家注意她的动作。入席时，特别是小型宴会，一般总要等女宾先坐下后，男宾才坐下。男宾最好还要帮邻座的女宾拉椅子。上菜后，一般要等女主人动手吃后，客人们(guests)才吃。宴会结束时，也由她领头离席。

西方的进餐礼仪还有很多呢，学习英语时老师也会给孩子讲到相关内容。如果有机会和孩子一起吃西餐，或者其他正餐时，何不提醒孩子注意这些餐桌礼仪呢，让孩子变得更礼貌，更文雅。

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在美国打的 你经常打的吗？Do you often take a taxi? 那么你们知道在美国“打的”的规矩吗？俗话说: “When in Rome, do as Romans do.”（入乡随俗）, 所以我们也要知道一些人家的风俗。

In America, if you sit ahead when you take a taxi，the driver will be very happy. 在美国，如果你坐在车前座上，司机会很高兴，他会一路上与你谈笑风生。But if you sit at the back, the driver will not say a word to you. 但是，如果你坐在后座上，司机则跟你一句话也不说。即便你主动搭讪，人家也爱搭不理的。

原来啊，如果你坐在前面，说明你把司机当作了朋友；你若坐在了后面，便表明对方成了纯粹为你服务的司机，你们就是雇佣关系了。

现在人们往往还是寻求金钱（money）

以外的尊重（respect）与友谊（friendship），这看上去虽然只是个座位的问题，但却体现了人与人之间的尊重。

所以啊，如果您有机会在美国打的“take a taxi”，可要记得坐在前面啊！感觉到了吗？学英语其实是件很有趣的事情，你可以从中了解到当地的风俗，人们的日常生活，而不仅仅是单一的词汇。英语，作为一种语言的魅力，你发现了吗？

美国生活小常识 Two for three dollars.

很多人第一次来到美国的超市买东西都会有同样的疑问, 它上面写着 Two for three dollars 那倒底可不可以只买一个呢? 答案是可以的. 买一个会不会比较贵呢? 其实一点

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也不会, 如果 Two for three dollars 那么买一个就是一块半啦. 但是在快餐店的情况又不同了, 像麦当劳或 Arby 常会有一些促销活动, 如 Arby 的 2 Sub for 4 dollars, 这种情况就不能单买一个. Buy one get on free.

这是美国常见的一种促销手法, 小至日常用品, 大至汽车都有 buy one get one free 的优待. 但是由于是买一送一, 所以拿二个跟拿一个的价钱是一样的, 这跟上面所说的 Two for three dollars 是不一样的.

Never buying beers without your pictured ID in hand.

美国的法律规定, 凡是买酒精类的产品都是要看 picture ID 的. (要达到法定年龄才能买酒) 而且各州甚至各郡的规定都不同. 有些地方是可以卖 Liquor 的, 有些地方则不行. 有些州有些很奇怪的规定, 像是 Georgia , 规定星期日不得卖酒, (怎么会有这种奇怪的规定) 我第一次不知道, 星期日高高兴兴准备要去买了一箱啤酒准备去开 party, 结果柜台人员居然不卖给我, 还跟我说, Don't you know that? It's law! Bring your I.D to the bar, movies and when you write a check.

一般跳舞的酒吧都有年龄的, 有些规定是 18 岁, 有些规定要 21 岁. 像 18 岁的地方, 如果你年纪超过 21 岁, 他会发给你一个手环 (bracelet), 这表示你可以在里面买酒. 至于电影有些戏院会把普通级和级电影分区, 没有 I.D 的话, 是不能进入的. 至于 check, 一般我们较不习惯使用支票, 但切记在使用支票时, 人家也会要看你的 I.D 的. Down payment and monthly payment.

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一般买东西付钱的方式有二种, 一种是付清, 另一种是分期付款. 分期付款又分为头期款 (Down payment) 和以后每个月要缴的钱. 一般买大一点的东西如车子或是保险, 上都会列出不同付款方式所应缴的金额. 有些促销广告就会打出 No down payment. 也就是不用付头期款的意思. 但是如果是分期付款, 通常都还要再交额外的 finance charge (相当于利息) 划不划算? 自己算看看. Pay your tag fee before your birthday.

Tag fee 就是汽车的牌照税, 一年缴一次, 一般约在 $200-400 之间. 由于各州法律不同, 所以嬓交的方式和金额也不太相同. 但一般都是在生日之前必须预缴下一年度的 tag fee, 不然就会被罚 10% 的罚金.

Get your emission test for your car every odd year.

各州法律不同, 但应是大同小异, Georgia 的法律规定, 车子每二年要作一次 emission test, 收费是公定价 $25. 如果需要详细的地点提供 emission test 的服务, Georgia 的居民可以到 http://www.cleanairforce.com/ 这个网站查询 Left turn first if there is a turn-left sign there.

在美国开车有一点和很不同, 就是在由红灯变绿灯时, 如果有左转灯的话, 它是会先变成左转灯的, 所以是由左转车先走. (在是直行灯亮完之后才换左转灯 ) 所以也没有什么绿灯待转这回事. 请勿耍宝. 但是如果没有左转灯的话, 则还是一样由直行车走完之后才换左转车.

第八讲 英美文化知识竞赛 1. The river Thames is in _____.

A Wales B Scotland C England D Northern Ireland

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2. The Industrial Revolution started in _____.

A the Great Britain B the United States C Canada D Australia 3. Big Ben was named after ____.

A Christopher Wren B Benjamin Hall C Ben John D G. Stephenson

4. The most popular sport in America is ____. A. baseball B. basketball C. football

5. There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and _____. A the Liberal Party B the Democratic Party C the Labour Party D the Republican Party

6. Most British couples go to _____ to have their wedding ceremony. A. church B. concert C. registry office

7. British food is _____.

A. unlimited B. abundant C. limited D. changeable

8. The British people usually have a small quantity of _____ as a first course. A. soup B. sweet C. vegetable

9. What the Englishmen usually talk about in their daily life is _____. A. price B. tax C. weather D. sports

10. The British people are great lovers of betting. The most money they bet mainly on _____. A. horse racing B. Bingo C. football pools D. dog racing

11. _____ is basically a home and family festival. A. Christmas B. Boxing Day C. Easter Monday 12. Wages mean a payment usually of money for labour or services according to contract and on the following basis except _____.

A. hourly B. daily C. monthly D. piecework

13. The British people traditionally like to live in _____. A. high buildings B. small houses C. big houses 14. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K. A. northern B. eastern C. southern

15. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland 16. Britain is basically an importer of ____.

A. food B. raw materials C. manufactures D. both A and B

17. The second largest port in Britain is _____. A. London B. Belfast C. Liverpool 18.The decrease of British population is caused by the following except _____.

A. limitation of immigration B. fall of the birth rateC. fall of death rate D. unemployment 19. Ernest Hemingway is _____.

A Englishman B American C Dutch D Denmark

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20. In which day is Halloween celebrated?

A 5 November B 31 October C 17 March D 25 December

21. The U.S. is called a “melting pot” because _____. A its steel industry is highly developed B it has great influence on the world

C it is an important economic center of the world D people from different races live there together 22. American Independence Day fall on _____. A. the 4th of July B. October 31st C. March 20th 23. The general election in America is held every ____ years. A. 5 B. 4 C. 6 D. 3 24. The symbol of the US Democratic Party is ____. A. donkey B. elephant C. eagle 25. The symbol of the US Republic Party is _____. A. tiger B. elephant C. donkey 26. Thanksgiving Day is originated in ____. A. England B. America C. Scotland D. Canada 27. Marriage in America is considered ____.

A. more important to the parents B. a pure religious affair C. rather burdensome D. a pure individual matter

28. _____ American young people live independently after marriage. A. Half B. Most C. Some 29. The rate of divorce in America ranks ____ in the world. A. second B. third C. first D. fourth 30. The popular foods in America include the following except ____. A. hamburgers B. hot dogs C. bread D. rice

第九讲 英语幽默小短文

1、How much English can you speak?

\"Your Honor, I want to bring to your attention how unfair it is for my client to be accused of theft. He arrived in New York City a week ago and barely knew his way around. What's more, he only speaks a few words of English.\"

The judge looked at the defendant and asked, \"How much English can you speak?\" The defendant looked up and said, \"Give me your wallet!\" 中文翻译

\"法官先生，我的当事人被指控偷窃，这是多么不公正啊。他一周前才来到纽约，几乎不认路。而且，他只会说几个英语单词。\"

法官看了看被告，问道：\"你会说多少英文？\" 被告抬起头，说：\"把你的钱包给我！\" 2

A husband, proving to his wife that women talk more than men, showed her a study which indicated that men use on average only 15000 words a day, whereas women use 30000 words a day. She thought about this fo

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r a while and then told her husband that women use twice as many words as men because they have to repeat everything they say. He said, \"What?\"

丈夫给妻子看了一项调查结果，为了向她证明女人比男人啰嗦。研究表明男人平均每天使用15000个字，而女人每天使用30000个。

妻子想了一会儿说，女人每天说的字数是男人的两倍，因为她们必须重复已经说过的话。 他问：\"什么？\" 3

Boy: Is this seat empty?

Girl: Yes, and this one will be if you sit down. 男孩：这个座位是空的么？ 女孩：是的，如果你坐下，我的座位也将是空的。 4、

\"Tom, what's the matter with your brother?\" asked the mother in the kitchen. \"He's crying.\" \"Oh, nothing, Mum,\" replied Tom. \"I'm eating my cake. He is crying because I won't give him any.\" \"But has he finished his own cake?\"

\"Yes.\" said Tom. \"And he also cried when I was helping him finish that.\" \"汤姆，你弟弟怎么了？\" 妈妈在厨房里问。\"他在哭。\"

\"没事儿，妈妈，\" 汤姆答道。\"我在吃我的蛋糕。他哭是因为我不给他吃。\" \"他已经吃完自己的了么？\"

\"是的。\" \"我帮他吃完时，他也哭了。\"

Two guys were walking through the jungle. All of a sudden, a tiger appears from a distance, running towards them.

One of the guys takes out a pair of \"Nikes\" from his bag and starts to put them on. The other guy with a surprised look and exclaims, \"Do you think you will run faster than the tiger with those?\" His friend replies: \"I don't have to out run it, I just have to run faster than you.\" 两个男人正在穿过丛林，突然，一只老虎出现在远处，向他们冲来。

其中的一个人从包里拿出一双“耐克”鞋，开始穿上。另一个人惊奇地看着他说，“你以为穿上这个就可以跑得过老虎吗？”

他的朋友回答道：“我不用跑得过它，我只要跑得比你快就行了。”

During a visit to the mental asylum, a visitor asked the director ..., \"What is the criterion that defines a patient to be institutionalized?\" \"Well...\" said the director, \"we fill up a bathtub, and we offer a teaspoon, a teacup, and a bucket to the patient and ask him to empty the bathtub.\" \"Oh, I understand,\" said the visitor. \"A norma

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l person would choose the bucket as it is larger than the spoon or the teacup.\" \"Noooooooo!\" answered the director. \"A normal person would pull the plug.\"

参观一所精神病院的时候一个参观者问院长，“你们是用什么标准来决定一个人是否应该被关进精神病院呢？” “呃„ „”院长说，“是这样，我们先给一个浴缸放满水，然后我们给病人一个调茶匙，一个茶杯和一个水桶去把浴缸里面的水放清。” “噢，我明白了”， 参观者说。“一个正常人会选择水桶， 因为水桶比茶匙，茶杯的体积大。” “错了”，“院长回答”“正常人会把浴缸塞子拔掉”。

第十讲经典电影对白 《功夫熊猫》

1. One meets its destiny on the road he takes to avoid it. .往往在逃避命运的路上，却与之不期而遇。 2. Your mind is like this water, my friend , when it is agitated ,it becomes difficult to see ,but if you allow it to settle , the answer becomes clear.

你的思想就如同水，我的朋友，当水波摇曳时，很难看清，不过当它平静下来，答案就清澈见底了。 3. Quit!don't quit! Noodles!don't noodles! You are too concerned with at once and what will be .Yesterday is History, Tomorrow is a Mystery, and Today is a Gift: That's why we call it----the Present.

放弃，不放弃。做面条，不做面条。你太在乎过去是怎样,将来会怎样了。有句谚语说得好，昨日之日不可留，明日之日未可知，今日之日胜现金。这就是为什么叫做\"现金\"了。

4. Yesterday is history Tomorrow is a mystery But today is a gift That is why it‟s called the present (the gift)昨天是历史了，明天还是未知，但今天是礼物，所以今天才叫present（有“现在”和“礼物”的意思）。 5. There are no accidents 存在即合理

6.(1) but there are things we can control I can control when the fruit will fall ... And I can control What time to seed

师傅：但有些事情我们可以控制，我可以控制果实何时坠落，我还可以控制在何处播种。 (2). Yes, but no matter what you do, That seed will grow to be a peach tree, You may wish for an Apple or an orange , But you will get a peach.

乌龟：是啊 不过无论你做了什么，那个种子还是会长成桃树，你可能想要苹果 或桔子，可你只能得到桃子，那个种子还是会长成桃树。

7. you cannot leave ,real warrior never quits. 你不能走，真的武士决不会退却 【《肖申克的救赎》中的经典台词】

1.A strong man can save himself,a great man can save another. 强者自救，圣者渡人 2.Get busy living, Or get busy dying. 忙着活，或等着死。

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3.Hope is a good thing, maybe the best of things, and no good thing ever dies. 希望是美好的，也许是人间至善，而美好的事物永不消逝。

4.“some birds aren't meant to be caged, that's all. Their feathers are just too bright...” 有一种鸟是永远也关不住的，因为它的每片羽翼上都沾满了自由的光辉！

5.“These walls are kind of funny like that. First you hate them, then you get used to them. Enough time passed, get so you depend on them. That's institutionalizing.” 刚入狱的时候，你痛恨周围的高墙；慢慢的，你习惯生活在其中；最终你会发现自己不得不依靠它而生存。那就是化。 6.Every man's got a breaking point. 每个人的忍耐都会有限度的。

7.Fear can hold you prisoner,hope can set you free. 怯懦囚禁灵魂,希望还你自由. 【《当幸福来敲门》中的经典台词】

1. You have a dream, you got to protect it. 如果你有梦想，就要守护它。

2. 2.People can't do something by themselves; they wanna tell you you can not do it. 当人们做不到一些事情的时候，他们就会对你说你也同样不能。

3. 3.You want something. Go get it！ 有了目标就要全力以赴。 4. 4.There is an I in \"happiness\

5. 幸福的幸里面是一个“幸”，不是一个“辛”。或者理解成，Y=Why=为什么，I=我。幸福里面没有为什么，只有我。

6. 5.I'm the type of person,if you ask me a question, and I don't konw the answer,I'm gonna to tell you that I don't konw.But I bet you what: I konw how to find the answer, and I'll find the answer,.

7. 我是这样的人，如果你问的问题我不知道答案，我会直接告诉你“我不知道”。但我向你保证：我知道如何寻找答案，而且我一定会找出答案的。

8. 6.Don't ever let somebody tell you you can't do something, not even me. 别让别人告诉你你成不了才，即使是我也不行。

9. 7.You got a dream, you gotta protect it. People can't do something themselves,they wanna tell you you can't do it.If you want something, go get it. Period.

10. 如果你有梦想的话，就要去捍卫它。那些一事无成的人想告诉你你也成不了大器。如果你有理想的话，就要去努力实现。就这样 阿甘正传 1.

Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you‟re gonna get. (生命就像一盒巧克力，结果往往出人意料)

2. There is an awful lot you can tell about a person by their shoes. (通过人家的鞋可以了解别人很多

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的东西) 3. His back‟s as crooked as a politician. (他的背跟政客一样弯曲)

4. Sometimes we all do things that just don‟t make no sense. （有时候人都会做没道理的事） 5. Stupid is as stupid does. (蠢人做蠢事，也可理解为傻人有傻福)

6. If God intended everybody to be the same, he‟d given all braces on our legs. Don‟t ever let anybody tell you they‟re better than you. 7. I was just showing him a thing or two on the guitar.

第十一讲 奥巴马开学演讲

Hello, everybody! Thank you. Thank you. Thank you, everybody. All right, everybody go ahead and have a seat. How is everybody doing today? (Applause.) How about Tim Spicer? (Applause.) I am here with students at Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia. And we’ve got students tuning in from all across America, from kindergarten through 12th grade. And I am just so glad that all could join us today. And I want to thank Wakefield for being such an outstanding host. Give yourselves a big round of applause. (Applause.)

大家好!谢谢你们。谢谢你们。谢谢你们大家。好，大家请就坐。你们今天都好吗?(掌声)蒂姆·斯派塞(Tim Spicer)好吗?(掌声)我现在与弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿郡韦克菲尔德高中的学生们在一起。美国各地从小学预备班到中学12年级的学生正在收听收看。我很高兴大家今天都能参与。我还要感谢韦克菲尔德高中出色的组织安排。请为你们自己热烈鼓掌。(掌声) I know that for many of you, today is the first day of school. And for those of you in kindergarten, or starting middle or high school, it’s your first day in a new school, so it’s understandable if you’re a little nervous. I imagine there are some seniors out there who are feeling pretty good right now -- (applause) -- with just one more year to go. And no matter what grade you’re in, some of you are probably wishing it were still summer and you could’ve stayed in bed just a little bit longer this morning.

我知道，今天是你们很多人开学的日子。对于进入小学预备班、初中或高中的学生，今天是你们来到新学校的第一天，心里可能有点紧张，这是可以理解的。我能想象有些毕业班学生现在感觉很不错——(掌声)——还有一年就毕业了。不论在哪个年级，你们有些人可能希望暑假更长一点，今天早上还能多睡一小会儿。

I know that feeling. When I was young, my family lived overseas. I lived in Indonesia for a few years. And my mother, she didn’t have the money to send me where all the American kids went to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with an American education. So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself, Monday through Friday. But because she had to go to work, the only time she cou

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ld do it was at 4:30 in the morning.

我了解这种感觉。我小时候，我们家生活在海外。我在印度尼西亚住了几年。我妈妈没有钱送我上其他美国孩子上的学校，但她认为必须让我接受美式教育。因此，她决定从周一到周五自己给我补课。不过她还要上班，所以只能在清晨四点半给我上课。

Now, as you might imagine, I wasn’t too happy about getting up that early. And a lot of times, I’d fall asleep right there at the kitchen table. But whenever I’d complain, my mother would just give me one of those looks and she’d say, “This is no picnic for me either, buster.” (Laughter.) 你们可以想见，我不太情愿那么早起床。有很多次，我趴在餐桌上就睡着了。但每当我抱怨的时候，我妈妈都会那样地看我一眼，然后说：“小子，这对我也并不轻松。” So I know that some of you are still adjusting to being back at school. But I’m here today because I have something important to discuss with you. I’m here because I want to talk with you about your education and what’s expected of all of you in this new school year. 我知道你们有些人还在适应开学后的生活。但我今天来到这里是因为有重要的事情要和你们说。我来这里是要和你们谈谈你们的教育问

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望。 Now, I’ve given a lot of speeches about education. And I’ve talked about responsibility a lot. 我做过很多次有关教育问题的演讲。我多次谈到过责任问题。

I’ve talked about teachers’ responsibility for inspiring students and pushing you to learn. 我谈到过教师激励学生并督促他们学习的责任。

I’ve talked about your parents’ responsibility for making sure you stay on track, and you get your homework done, and don’t spend every waking hour in front of the TV or with the Xbox. 我谈到过家长的责任，要确保你们走正路，完成家庭作业，不要整天坐在电视前或玩Xbox游戏。

I’ve talked a lot about your government’s responsibility for setting high standards, and supporting teachers and principals, and turning around schools that aren’t working, where students aren’t getting the opportunities that they deserve.

我多次谈到过的责任，要制定高标准，支持教师和校长的工作，彻底改善不能为学生提供应有机会的、教育质量差的学校。

But at the end of the day, we can have the most dedicated teachers, the most supportive parents, the best schools in the world -- and none of it will make a difference, none of it will matter unless all of you fulfill your responsibilities, unless you show up to those schools, unless you pay attention to those teachers, unless you listen to your parents and grandparents and other adults and put in the hard work it takes to succeed. That’s what I want to focus on today: the responsibility each of you has for your education.

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然而，即使我们拥有最敬业的教师，最尽力的家长和全世界最好的学校——如果你们大家不履行你们的责任，不到校上课，不专心听讲，不听家长、祖父祖母和其他大人的话，不付出取得成功所必须的勤奋努力，那么这一切都毫无用处，都无关紧要。这就是我今天讲话的重点：你们每个人对自己的教育应尽的责任。

I want to start with the responsibility you have to yourself. Every single one of you has something that you’re good at. Every single one of you has something to offer. And you have a responsibility to yourself to discover what that is. That’s the opportunity an education can provide.

我首先要讲讲你们对自己应尽的责任。你们每个人都有自己的长处。你们每个人都能做出自己的贡献。你们对自己应尽的责任是发现自己的能力所在。而教育能够提供这样的机会。 Maybe you could be a great writer -- maybe even good enough to write a book or articles in a newspaper -- but you might not know it until you write that English paper -- that English class paper that’s assigned to you. Maybe you could be an innovator or an inventor -- maybe even good enough to come up with the next iPhone or the new medicine or vaccine -- but you might not know it until you do your project for your science class. Maybe you could be a mayor or a senator or a Supreme Court justice -- but you might not know that until you join student government or the debate team.

你或许能成为一名出色的作家——甚至可能写书或在报纸上发表文章——但你可能要在完成那篇英文课的作文后才会发现自己的才华。你或许能成为一名创新者或发明家——甚至可能设计出新一代iPhone或研制出新型药物或疫苗——但你可能要在完成科学课的实验后才会发现自己的才华。你或许能成为一名或参议员或最高的大法官——但你可能要在参加学生会的工作或辩论队后才会发现自己的才华。

And no matter what you want to do with your life, I guarantee that you’ll need an education to do it. You want to be a doctor, or a teacher, or a police officer? You want to be a nurse or an architect, a lawyer or a member of our military? You’re going to need a good education for every single one of those careers. You cannot drop out of school and just drop into a good job. You’ve got to train for it and work for it and learn for it.

不论你的生活志向是什么，我敢肯定你必须上学读书才能实现它。你想当医生、教师或警官吗?你想当护士、建筑师、律师或军人吗?你必须接受良好的教育，才能从事上述任何一种职业。你不能指望辍学后能碰上个好工作。你必须接受培训，为之努力，为之学习。 And this isn’t just important for your own life and your own future. What you make of your education will decide nothing less than the future of this country. The future of America depends on you. What you’re learning in school today will determine whether we as a nation can meet our greatest challeng

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es in the future.

这并非只对你个人的人生和未来意义重大。可以毫不夸大地说，教育给你带来的益处将决定这个国家的未来。美国的未来取决于你们。你们今日在校学习的知识将决定我们作为一个国家是否能够迎接我们未来所面临的最严峻挑战。

You’ll need the knowledge and problem-solving skills you learn in science and math to cure diseases like cancer and AIDS, and to develop new energy technologies and protect our environment. You’ll need the insights and critical-thinking skills you gain in history and social studies to fight poverty and homelessness, crime and discrimination, and make our nation more fair and more free. You’ll need the creativity and ingenuity you develop in all your classes to build new companies that will create new jobs and boost our economy.

你们将需要利用你们通过自然科学和数学课程所学到的知识和解决问题的能力来治愈癌症、艾滋病及其他疾病，开发新的能源技术和保护我们的环境。你们将需要利用你们在历史学和社会学课堂上所获得的知识和思考能力来抗击贫困和解决无家可归问题，打击犯罪和消除歧视，使我们的国家更公平、更自由。你们将需要利用你们在所有课堂上培养的创造力和智慧来创办新公司，增加就业机会，振兴我们的经济。

We need every single one of you to develop your talents and your skills and your intellect so you can help us old folks solve our most difficult problems. If you don’t do that -- if you quit on school -- you’re not just quitting on yourself, you’re quitting on your country. 我们需要你们每个人发挥你们的聪明才智和技能，以便帮助老一辈人解决我们面临的最棘手问题。如果你们不这样做，如果你们辍学，你们不仅仅是自暴自弃，也是抛弃自己的国家。

Now, I know its not always easy to do well in school. I know a lot of you have challenges in your lives right now that can make it hard to focus on your schoolwork. 我自然知道要做到学业优秀并非总是易事。我知道你们许多人在生活中面临挑战，难以集中精力从事学业。

I get it. I know what it’s like. My father left my family when I was two years old, and I was raised by a single mom who had to work and who struggled at times to pay the bills and wasn’t always able to give us the things that other kids had. There were times when I missed having a father in my life. There were times when I was lonely and I felt like I didn’t fit in.

我明白这一点。 我有亲身感受。两岁时，我父亲离家而去，我是由一位单亲母亲抚养成人的，母亲不得不工作，并时常为支付生活费用而苦苦挣扎，但有时仍无法为我们提供其他孩子享有的东西。有时，我渴望生活中能有一位父亲。有时我感到孤独，感到自己不适应社会。 So I wasn’t always as focused as I should have been on school, and I did some things I’m not proud of

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, and I got in more trouble than I should have. And my life could have easily taken a turn for the worse. 我并非总是像我应该做到的那样专心学习，我也曾做过我如今不能引以为豪的一些事情，我曾惹过不应该惹的麻烦。我的人生原本会轻易陷入更糟糕的境地.

第十二讲 艾玛沃特森 联合国演讲稿

Your excellence UN Secretary-General,President of the General Assembly,Executive Director of UN Women,And distinguished guests

尊敬的秘书长阁下，大会阁下，妇女署执行主任阁下，以及尊贵的来宾们 Today we are launching a campaign called HeForShe 今天我们将启动一项HeForShe的倡议活动

I am reaching out to you because we need your help,we want to end gender inequality 此番演讲是为了获得您的支持，能让我们一道行动，终结性别不平等 And to do this,we need everyone involved 实现这个目标需要每个人的参与

This is the first campaign of its kind at the UN 这次我们开创了联合国发起的同类活动的先河

We want to try to galvanize as many men and boys as possible to be advocates for changeand we don’t just want to talk about it,We want to try and make sure that it’s tangible

我们希望能接力号召尽可能多的男人和男孩们，加入到寻求改变的倡导者行列，我们也不想仅仅开出空头支票，我们希望全力以赴，确保达成其实目标

I was appointed as Goodwill Ambassador for UN Women six months ago

，，

and the more I’ve spoken about feminism,the more I have realized that fighting for women ’s right has too often become synonymous with men-hating

六个月前，我被任命为联合国妇女署的亲善大使，但我越是提及女权主义,越是意识到争取女性权益往往跟仇视男性混为一谈

If there is one thing I know for certain it is that this has to stop 我十分确信的是，必须停止这种认识

For the record feminism by definition is the belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities,

在此声明，从定义上来说女权主义是一种信念，认为男女应该具有同等权利和机遇 It is the theory of the political economic and social equality of the sexes

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也是政治经济以及社会的性别平等理论

I started questioning gender-based assumptions a long time ago 很久之前我就开始质疑种种基于性别的预设

When I was 8,I was confused about being called ”bossy”, because I wanted to direct the plays,that we would put on for our parents，but the boys were not

当我8岁时，因为我想编排给家长们的演出就被斥为“专横”,而男孩不会受到同样的指责 When at 14,I started to be sexualised by certain elements of the media, 当我14岁时，某些媒体开始渲染，我性感化的公众形象

When at 15 my girlfriends started dropping out of their beloved sports teams,because they didn’t want to appear muscle-y

当我15岁时，我的女朋友们纷纷退出她们心爱的运动队，因为她们不像看起来肌肉发达 When at 18 my male friends were unable to express their feelings 当我18岁时，我的男性朋友们无法自如的表达他们的情感 I decided that I was a feminist，and this seems uncomplicated to me 那时我就决定成为一位女权主义者,对我来说这是件简单明了的事

But my recent research has shown me that feminism has become an unpopular wordwomen are choosing not to identify as feminists.

但我近期的调查表明,女权主义已经变为不受欢迎的词汇,女人们不愿意被认为是女权主义者 Apparently I am among the ranks of women whose expressions are seen as too strong “too aggressive”,isolating and anti-men,unattractive,even

很显然我被列为那类女性,措辞强硬，过于激进，自我封闭一味反对男性，甚至缺乏魅力 Why has the word become such an uncomfortable one 为何这个词已经让人如此不适

I am form Britain,and I think it is wright that I am paid the same as my male counterparts,I think it is wright that I should be able to make decisions about my own body,I think it is right that women be involved on my behalf in the policies and the decisions that affect my life,I think it is right that socially,I am afforded the same respect as men

我来自英国,我认为我应该获得与我男性同行同等的资金待遇，我认为我应该拥有自主支配自己身体的权利，我认为女性应该代表我参与到能影响我生活的制定中，我认为在社会上我也能赢得与男性同样的尊重

But sadly I can say that there is no one country in the world where all women can expect to receive thes

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e rights.No country in the world can yet say that they have achieved gender equality,these rights I consider to be human rights

遗憾的是，我可以说世界上任何一个国家的女性群体都未能完全拥有这些权利，至今无一国家能断言,他们已经实现了性别平等，这些权利我认为就是

But I am one of the lucky ones,my life is a sheer privilege, because my parents didn’t love me less because I was born a daughter,My school did not limit me because I was a girl,my mentor didn’t assume that I would go less far because I might give birth to a child one day

但我无疑是幸运的，我一直享受着特殊待遇，因为我的父母并没有因为我身为女儿就减少对我的关爱，我就读的学校也没有因为我是女孩就加以，我的导师也没有因为我日后将为人母而对我不予厚望

These influencers were the gender equality ambassadors that made me who I am today,they may not know it,but they are the inadvertent feminists,we need more of those and if you still hate the word,it is not the word that is important,it’s the idea and the ambition behind it,because not all women have received the same rights that I have.In fact statistically very few have been

这些影响我的人们正如推广性别平等的大使，是他们成就了今天的我，也许他们并没有察觉，但他们就是那些“无心插柳”的女权主义者们。我们需要更多的这类人，如果你任然厌恶这个词，那么其实词本身不重要，重要的是词背后传递的理念和愿景，因为并不是所有女性都拥有和我一样的权利。事实上从数据上看只有很少一部分女性拥有这样的权利。

In 1997 Hillary Clinton made a famous speech in Beijing about women ’s rights,Sadly many of the things that she wanted to change,are still true today.But what stood out for me the most was that less than 30 percent of the audience were male.

Men I would like to take this opportunity to extend your formal information,Gender equality is your issue too

男同胞们我想借此机会向你们发出正式邀请，性别平等也是你们的议题

Because to date I’ve seen my father’s role as a parent being valued less by society,despite my needing his presence as a child as much as my mother’s

因为是指今日，我见证到最为家长，父亲的角色被社会所轻视,尽管孩童时代我需要父母给予同样的关照

I’ve seen young men suffering from mental illness unable to ask for help,for fear it would make them less of man ,or less of a man.

我看到年轻男性遭受心理疾病的折磨，而无法向外寻求帮助，因为害怕这样看起来不男人，被人

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瞧不起

In fact in the U.K.suicide is the biggest killer of man between 20 to 49 eclipsing road accidents,cancer and coronary heart disease

事实上在英国，自杀已经成为20到49岁男性的头号杀手，超越交通事故，癌症和冠心病 I have seen men made fragile and insecure by a distorted sense of what constitutes male success,men don’t have the benefits of equality either

我目睹了男人们因为成为成功男人这样偏狭的观念而变得脆弱和缺乏安全感，男人一样没能享受到平等带来的福利

We don’t often talk about men being imprisoned by gender stereotypes,but I can see that they are 我们不常谈到男性同样，遭受性别刻板印象的禁锢，但我能察觉到这点

When they are free things will change for women as a natural consequence,If men don’t have to be aggressive in order to be accepted,women won’t be compelled to be submissive,if men don;t have to control,women won’t have to be controlled

当他们不受束缚时，女性的状况就会自然而改变，如果男人不需要通过表现攻击性来或得认同，那么女人就不用逼迫自己显得顺从，如果男人没必要实时掌控，那么女人也不 需要听命于掌控

Both men and women should feel free to be sensitive,both men and women should feel free to be strong

不管是男是女都可以放任自己的铭感细腻，不管是男是女都可以培养自己的坚强无畏 It is time that we all perceive gender on a spectrum instead of two sets of opposing ideals 如今我们应该用更大的视野看待性别，而不是两套对立的规范

If we should stop defining each other by what we are not and start defining ourselves by who we are,we can all be freer and this is what HeForShe is about,It’s about freedom

如果我们能不再通过消减异性的特征来定义自己，而开始正视自己所拥有的一切特质，我们都将变得更自由，这就是HeForShe的意义所在，它与自由息息相关

I want men to take up this mantle so their daughters sisters and mothers can be free from prejudice,but also so their sons have permission to be vulnerable and human too

我希望男同胞们能传承这样的信念，那么他们的女儿们，姐妹们和母亲们都会免于遭受歧视，同时他们的儿子们也有权利释放自己的脆弱和更人性化的一面

We claim those parts of themselves they abandoned and in doing so be a more true and complete version of themselves

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我们珍视他们所抛弃掉的那一部分人性我们这样做是为了他们能够保留更为真实和完整的人性 You might be thinking who is this Harry Potter girl and what is she doing speaking at the U.N. And it’s really good question,I’ve been asking myself the same thing,All I know is that I care about this problem and I want to make it better,And having seen what I’ve seen,and given the chance,I fell it is my responsibility to say something

你也许会问，这个哈利波特里 的女孩是干嘛的，她怎么会来联合国发表演说，这真是个好问题，我也曾反复问自己同样的问题，我只知道自己确实关心这个问题，也想尽绵薄之力改善现状，既然亲眼见到了这样的现状也获得这样的机会，我自觉有责任说些什么

Statesmen Edmund Burke said all that is needed for the forces of evil to triumph is for good men and women to do nothing

政治家埃德蒙.伯克曾说过压制正义只需要善良的男男女女们坐视不理，无动于衷 In my nervousness for this speech and in my moment of doubt,I’ve told myself firmly, if not me,who? If not now,when？

在我为演讲忐忑的时候，在我怀疑自己的时候，我坚定的告诉自己，我不挺身，更待何人，此时无为，更待何时

If you have similar doubts when opportunities are presented to you,I hope that those words will be helpful,because the reality is that if we do nothing it will take 75 years or for me or to be nearly 100 before woman can expect to be paid the same as men for the same work

如果当你面前有这样的机会，而你也有次困惑的话，我希望这句话能对你有所帮助。因为事实上，如果我们无所作为，那要等上75年，对我来说甚至是将近100年，才能期待男性和女性实现同工同酬

15.5 million girls will be married in the next 16 years as children and at the current rates,it won’t be until 2086 before all rural African girls can have a secondary education

接下来的十六年里将有1550万女孩，尚未成年就被迫嫁做人妇，而按照现在的进度，要直到2086年才能让所有的非洲女童都接受中等教育

If you believe in equality,you might be one of those inadvertent feminists that I spoke of earlierand for this I applaud you

如果你怀有平等的信念，那你就可能是我之前提过的那些“无心插柳”的女权主义者。如果是这样，我会为你鼓掌

We are struggling for a uniting word,but the good news is that we have a uniting movement.it is called HeForShe.I am inviting you to step forward to be seen and to ask yourself “If not me,who

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？

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If not now,when?”

我们任在为天下大同而奋战，但好消息是我们现在就有一个打一统的行动，这就是HeForShe。我诚邀你们，挺身而出扪心自问，我不挺身，更待何人，此时无为，更待何时。 第十三讲风雨哈佛路演讲稿

You know what, and I just stood up and look at my friends and say, “Guess what guys, I don’t know where I’m sleeping tonight, one of your houses maybe, maybe outside. I don’t know what I’m gonna eat, I don’t have... I don’t have... I don’t have...

所以我坐在我朋友的沙发上，我意识到，他们一直在抱怨、抱怨，不断地抱怨。我坐下对自己说。然后，你们知道吗，我站起来看着我的朋友，我说：“伙计们，你们猜怎么着，我不知道我今晚应该睡哪，也许住你们家，也许住外面。我不知道我该去哪吃饭，我没有这个……我没有那个……” “But you know what I do have: two hands and two feet. I have a brain in my head and air in my lungs, and what else do I really need?”

“但是你知道，我自己有手有脚，我有大脑，我还在呼吸，那我还需要其他什么东西吗？”

Like what else do you really need to begin a today to lead the life you know you are meant to lead? You know in your heart what it is. And what more do you need to change before you step into that? I stood up, and I looked at them, and then next feeling which has been the biggest resource in my life since - “gratitude”.

你知道你想要什么样的生活，你要开始这样的生活，要做成这件事你难道还需要什么别的东西吗？。我站起来，看着他们，接下来我的感受是：感恩。这后来也成为了我人生中最强大的品质。

You can either pick one thing in life, resentment or gratitude, get on the side, I promise you. I looked at that moment and realized I may not have

my mother ever again, but I had these resources. I had myself and I could go forward.

你可以选择靠愤恨或是靠感恩来生活，你务必要选择一个立场，我保证。那一刻，我意识到我再也没有妈妈了，但我有这么多精神力量，我有自己，我还可以继续向前走。

I remember that the feeling inside of me, and a need to change my life, and that voice at the back of my head - it took on the specific question, and the question was “What if ...?” 我记得我内心的感受，我知道我需要作出改变，我记得我背后有一个声音一直在问我一个同样的问题：“如果……？”

You know that voice in the back of your head and said “what if……”? “What if I tried that much harder?” “What if I pushed one more time?” “What if ...?” It’s the part of you that dreams.

你背后也出现过这样对你说“如果……”的声音吗？“如果我再多努力一些呢？”“如果我再努力试一次会怎么样？”“如果……？”这就是你内心还怀揣着的梦想。

A disempowered conversation will do a couple of things that will look for blame, and it’s concerned with the past. It’ll go, “What happened before? Why didn’t it work out?” It will count what is not there. 让人失去动力的自我对话只会让你找个能责怪的人，这种对话永远只是关于过去的。对话里面只会说：“过去发生了什么？没什么没有成功？”这种对话里只有虚的东西。An empowered conversation is unconcerned with blame. It simply says, “what’s next?” and it steps forward with a willingness to be responsible for what happens next. That is the difference between empowered and disempowered conversation. And I stood at that doorway and I knew nothing in my history took away from the fact that I still had a choice. 让人有动力的自我对话中不会出现你想要责怪的人。对话里只是说：“接下来怎么办？”并且你会为接下来发生的事情负责任。这就是让人有动力的自我对话和让人没有动力的对话之间的区别。我站在门铃前，我知道，我过去所有的经历都不会剥夺这个事实，那就是我还是有选择的。

Life is a miracle. You don’t have to be stuck in a situation that you are in. If there is something in your life th

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at is holding you back, you have to identify what that is, because, I promise you, there is a way to break pasted.

人生就是一场奇迹。你不必受困于现在的处境。如果在你的生活中有些东西使你停滞不前，去认清那是什么。因为，我敢保证，必定会有一条出路。 I want you to identify that voice inside of yourself and begin to trust it. And ask yourself what is it that has been in my way and how do I unblock that? Dig deep inside.

我希望你能听从你内心的声音，相信这个声音。问问你自己，是什么在阻挡我前进？我应该怎么跨过这个障碍？更深地挖掘自己的内心。

Life does not wait for anyone, and your life isn’t later. Your life is right now. 人生不会等待任何人，你也不生活在“以后”。你就活在现在。

第十四讲 世界著名英文演讲

Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money, it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative efforts, the joy and moral stimulation of work no longer must be forgotten in the mad chase of evanescent profits. these dark days, my friends, will be worth all they cost us, if they teach us that our true destiny is not to be ministered on to , but to minister to ourselves, to our fellow men.

幸福并不在于单纯的占有金钱，幸福还在于取得成功后的喜悦，在于创造努力时的激情。务必不能再忘记劳动带来的喜悦和激励，而去疯狂追逐那转瞬即逝的利润。如果这些黯淡的日子能使我们认识到，我们真正的使命不是要别人侍奉，而是要为自己和同胞们服务的话，那么，我们付出的代价是完全值得的。 help: stimulation: n.激励，刺激

evanescent: adj.渐渐消失的，易消散的 profit： vi.得益，利用

我能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、泪水和汗水。我们所面临的将是一场极为残酷的考验，我们面临的将是旷日持久的斗争和苦难。你若问我们的目标是什么？我可以用一个词来概括，那就是胜利。不惜一切代价去夺取胜利，不畏惧一切恐怖去夺取胜利，不论前路再长再苦也要多去胜利，因为没有胜利纠无法生存！我们必须意识到，没有胜利就没有大英帝国，没有胜利就没有大英帝国所象征的一切，没有胜利就没有多少世纪以来强烈的要求和冲动：人类应当向自己的目标迈进。此刻，我的精神振奋，满怀信心地承当起自己的人物。我确信，只要我们大家联合，我们的事业就不会挫败。此时此刻千钧一发之际，我觉得我有权要求各方面的支持。我要呼吁：“来吧，让我们群策努力，并肩迈进！”

help： grievous: adj. 令人忧伤的 buoyancy: n. 浮性 浮力 轻快 entitled： adj. 有资格的My fellow americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country. my fellow citizens of the world, ask not what america will do for you, but what together we can do for t

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he freedom of men. finally whether you are citizens of america, or citizens of the world, ask of us here, the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you. with a good conscience of our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking his blessing and his help, but knowing that here on earth, gods work must truly be our own.--by john f. kennedy

美国同胞们，不要问美国能为你们做些什么，应该问你们能为美国贡献些什么。全世界的同胞们，不要问美国将为你做些什么，应该问我们一同能为人类的自由做些什么。最后，无论你是美国公民还是其他国家的同胞，你们应该要求我们献出我们同样要求于你们的高度的力量和牺牲。无愧于心是我们惟一可靠的奖赏，历史是我们行动最终的裁判。这一切让我们大步向前，去引领我们所热爱的这片土地。我们祈求上帝的保佑和帮助，但我们很清楚，上帝在尘世的工作必定是我们自己的工作。 --[美]约翰·肯尼迪

citizen: n.市民,公民 sacrifice: n./ v.牺牲,献身 conscience: n.良心,道德心

让我来表明我坚定的信念：我们不得不害怕的其实就是害怕本身--一种莫名奇妙的、丧失理智的、毫无根据的恐惧。它把人们转退为进所需要的种种努力化为泡影。但凡在我国生活阴云密布的时刻，坦率而有活力的领导都得到过人民的理解和支持，从而为胜利准备了不可缺少的必要条件。我相信，在目前危机的时刻，大家会再次给与同样的支持。我和你们都要以这种精神来共同面对困难。感谢上帝，这些困难只是物质方面的。 --[美]弗兰克林·罗斯福 unjustified: adj.毫无根据的 frankness: n.率直,坦白

In this symposium, better is it to only sit in silence. To express one's feelings as the end draws near is too intimate a task. That I would mention only one thought that comes to me as a listener-in: the riders in a race do not stop short when they reach the goal, there is a little finishing canter before coming to a standstill, there is time to hear the kind voice of friends, and to say to oneself, the work is done. But just as one says that, the answer comes, the race is over, but the work never is done while the power to work remains. The canter that brings you to a standstill need not be only coming to rest; it cannot be while you still live. But to live is to function, that is all there is in living. So I end with a land from a Latin voice: death, death, clutches my ear, and says, live, I am coming.--By Oliver Wendell Holmes

此刻，沉默是金。要在生命即将完结之时表达个人感受并非易事。但我只是想谈谈作为一名倾听者的看法。骑士们并非一到终点就立刻止步。他们继续缓步向前，倾听朋友们的欢呼。他们虽然告诉自己行程已经结束了。正如人们所说结果出来了,比赛结束了。但只要动力仍在，人生之旅就尚未结束。终点之后的慢跑并非停止不前，因为活着便不能如此。活着就要有所作为，这才是生命的真谛。最后谨以一句古拉丁格言与各位共勉：死神不止，奋斗不止。 --[美]奥利佛·文德尔·荷

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in this symposium:此刻at this timegoal: n.目的,目标 standstill: n.停止九 译文：

The grandest of these ideals is an unfolding American promise that everyone belongs, that everyone deserves a chance that no insignificant person was ever born. Americans are called to enact this promise in our lives and in our laws. And though our nation has sometimes halted, and sometimes delayed, we must follow no other course. Through much of the last century, America's faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations. Our democratic faith is more than the creed of our country, it is the inborn hope of our humanity, an ideal we carry but do not own, a trust we bear and pass along. And even after nearly 225 years, we have a long way yet to travel. --By George W.Bush

这些理想中最伟大的是正在慢慢实现的美国的承诺，这就是：每个人都有自身的价值，每个人都有成功的机会，每个人天生都会有所作为的。美国人民肩负着一种使命，那就是要竭力将这个诺言变成生活中和法律上的现实。虽然我们的国家过去在追求实现这个承诺的途中停滞不前甚至倒退，但我们仍将坚定不移地完成这一使命。在上个世纪的大部分时间里，美国自由民主的信念犹如汹涌大海中的岩石。现在它更像风中的种子，把自由带给每个民族。在我们的国家，民主不仅仅是一种信念，而是全人类的希望；民主，我们不会独占，而会竭力让大家分享；民主，我们将铭记于心并且不断传播。225年过去了，我们仍有很长的路要走。 --[美]乔治·布什 insignificant: adj.无关紧要的、可忽略的 democracy: n.民主政治、民主主义

第十五讲伊索寓言故事（一） The Wolf and the Lamb

Wolf, meeting with a lamb astray from the fold, resolved not to lay violent hands on him, but to find some plea to justify to the lamb the wolf's right to eat him. He thus addressed him: \"Sirrah, last year you grossly insulted me.\" \"Indeed,\" bleated the lamb in a mournful tone of voice, \"I was not then born.\" Then said the wolf, \"You feed in my pasture.\" \"No, good sir,\" replied the Lamb, \"I have not yet tasted grass.\" Again said the wolf, \"You drink of my well.\" \"No,\" exclaimed the lamb, \"I never yet drank water, for as yet my mother's milk is both food and drink to me.\" Upon which the wolf seized him and ate him up, saying, \"Well! I won't remain supperless, even though you refute every one of my imputations.\" The tyrant will always find a pretext for his tyranny. 狼与小羊

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一只小羊在河边喝水，狼见到后，便想找一个名正言顺的借口吃掉他。于是他跑到上游，恶狠狠地说小羊把河水搅浑浊了，使他喝不到清水。小羊回答说，他仅仅站在河边喝水，并且又在下游，根本不可能把上游的水搅浑。狼见此计不成，又说道：“我父亲去年被你骂过。”小羊说，那时他还没有出生。狼对他说：“不管你怎样辩解，反正我不会放过 你。” 这说明，对恶人做任何正当的辩解也是无效的 The Bat and the Weasels

A bat who fell upon the ground and was caught by a weasel pleaded to be spared his life. The weasel refused, saying that he was by nature the enemy of all birds. The bat assured him that he was not a bird, but a mouse, and thus was set free. Shortly afterwards the bat again fell to the ground and was caught by another weasel, whom he likewise entreated not to eat him. The weasel said that he had a special hostility to mice. The bat assured him that he was not a mouse, but a bat, and thus a second time escaped. It is wise to turn circumstances to good account. 蝙蝠与黄鼠狼

蝙蝠掉落在地上，被黄鼠狼叼去，他请求饶命。黄鼠狼说绝不会放过他，自己生来痛恨 鸟类。蝙蝠说他是老鼠，不是鸟，便被放了。后来蝙蝠又掉落了下来，被另一只黄鼠狼叼 住，他再三请求不要吃他。这只黄鼠狼说他恨一切鼠类。蝙蝠改口说自己是鸟类，并非老 鼠，又被放了。这样，蝙蝠两次改变了自己的名字，终于死里逃生。 这故事说明，我们遇事要随机应变方能避免危险。 The Ass and the Grasshopper

An ass having heard some grasshoppers chirping, was highly enchanted; and, desiring to possess the same charms of melody, demanded what sort of food they lived on to give them such beautiful voices. They replied, \"The dew.\" The ass resolved that he would live only upon dew, and in a short time died of hunger. 驴子与蚱蜢

驴子听见蚱蜢唱歌，被美妙动听的歌声所打动，自己也想能发出同样悦耳动听的声音，便 羡慕地问他们吃些什么，才能发出如此美妙的声音来。蚱蜢答道：“吃露水。”驴子便也只吃露水，没多久就饿死了。这个故事告诉人们不要企望非份之物。 这个故事告诉人们不要企望非份之物。 The Lion and the Mouse

A lion was awakened from sleep by a mouse running over his face. Rising up angrily, he caught him and was about to kill him, when the mouse piteously entreated, saying: \"If you would only spare my life, I

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would be sure to repay your kindness.\" The lion laughed and let him go. It happened shortly after this that the lion was caught by some hunters, who bound him by strong ropes to the ground. The mouse, recognizing his roar, came and gnawed the rope with his teeth and set him free, exclaiming:

\"You ridiculed the idea of my ever being able to help you, expecting to receive from me any repayment of your favor; now you know that it is possible for even a Mouse to con benefits on a lion.\" 狮子与报恩的老鼠

狮子睡着了，有只老鼠跳到了他身上。狮子猛然站起来，把他抓住，准备吃掉。老鼠请 求饶命，并说如果保住性命，必将报恩，狮子轻蔑地笑了笑，便把他放走了。不久，狮子真 的被老鼠救了性命。原来狮子被一个猎人抓获，并用绳索把他捆在一棵树上。老鼠听到了他 的哀嚎，走过去咬断绳索，放走了狮子，并说：

“你当时嘲笑我，不相信能得到我的报答， 现在可清楚了，老鼠也能报恩。” 这故事说明，时运交替变更，强者也会有需要弱者的时候。

第十六讲伊索寓言故事（二） The Charcoal-Burner and the Fuller

A charcoal-burner carried on his trade in his own house. One day he met a friend, a fuller, and entreated him to come and live with him, saying that they should be far better neighbors and that their housekeeping expenses would be lessened. The fuller replied, \"The arrangement is impossible as far as I am concerned, for whatever I should whiten, you would immediately blacken again with your charcoal.\" Like will draw like. 烧炭人与漂布人

烧炭人在一所房子里干活，看见有一个漂布人搬迁到他的旁边来住时，满怀高兴地走上 去劝他与自己同住，并解释说这样彼此更亲密，更方便，还更省钱。漂布人却回答说：“也 许你说的是真话，但完全不可能办到，因为凡我所漂白的，都将被你弄黑。” 这故事说明，不同类的人难相处。 The Father and His Sons

A father had a family of sons who were perpetually quarreling among themselves. When he failed to heal their disputes by his exhortations, he determined to give them a practical illustration of the evils of disunion; and for this purpose he one day told them to bring him a bundle of sticks. When they had done so, he placed the faggot into the hands of each of them in succession, and ordered them to break it in pieces. They tried with all their strength, and were not able to do it. He next opened the faggot, took the sti

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cks separately, one by one, and again put them into his sons’ hands, upon which they broke them easily. He then addressed them in these words: \"My sons, if you are of one mind, and unite to assist each other, you will be as this faggot, uninjured by all the attempts of your enemies; but if you are divided among yourselves, you will be broken as easily as these sticks.\"

父亲与争吵的儿子们

有个父亲的儿子们常常互相争斗不休。他多次语重心长地劝说他们，尽管他苦口婆心， 仍无济于事。他认为应该用事实来教育他们，便叫儿子们去拿一捆木棒来。木棒拿来后，他 先把整捆木棒交给他们，叫他们折断。儿子们一个个竭尽了全力都无法将它折断。随后他解 开了那捆木棒，给他们每人一根。他们都毫不费力地将木棒折为两段。这时，父亲说：“孩 子们，你们要像木棒一样，团结一致，齐心协力，就不会被敌人征服；可你们互相争斗不 休，便很容易被敌人打垮。”

这故事说明，团结就是不可征服的力量，而内讧却只能耗损自己。 The Boy Hunting Locusts

A boy was hunting for locusts. He had caught a goodly number, when he saw a Scorpion, and mistaking him for a locust, reached out his hand to take him. The Scorpion, showing his sting, said: If you had but touched me, my friend, you would have lost me and all your locusts too!\" 捉蚱蜢的小男孩

有个小孩在城墙前捉蚱蜢，一会儿就捉了许多。忽然看见一只蝎子，他以为也是蚱蜢，便着两手去捕捉他。蝎子举起他的毒刺，说道：来吧，如果你真敢这样做，就连你捉的蚱蜢也会统统失掉。” 这故事告诫人们，要分辨清好人和坏人，区别对待他们。 Hercules and the Wagoner

A carter was driving a wagon along a country lane, when the wheels sank down deep into a rut. The rustic driver, stupefied and aghast, stood looking at the wagon, and did nothing but utter loud cries to Hercules to come and help him. Hercules, it is said, appeared and thus addressed him: \"Put your shoulders to the wheels, my man. Goad on your bullocks, and never more pray to me for help, until you have done your best to help yourself, or depend upon it you will henceforth pray in vain.\" Self-help is the best help. 大力神和车夫

一名车夫赶着货车沿着乡间小路行进。途中车轮陷入了很深的车辙中，再也无法前进。 这时，愚蠢的车夫吓得茫然失措，一筹莫展，痴呆呆地站在那里，凝视着货车，不断地高声 喊叫，求

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大力神来助他一把。大力神来到后，对他说：“朋友，用你的肩膀扛起车轮，再抽 打拉车的马。你自己不自力更生，尽力解决，仅靠祈求我，怎么行呢？” 这是说自力更生，自助自立是克服困难的最好办法。 The Ants and the Grasshopper

The ants were spending a fine winter's day drying grain collected in the summertime. A grasshopper, perishing with famine, passed by and earnestly begged for a little food. The Ants inquired of him, \"Why did you not treasure up food during the summer?' He replied, \"I had not leisure enough. I passed the days in singing.\" They then said in derision: \"If you were foolish enough to sing all the summer, you must dance supperless to bed in the winter.\" 蚂蚁与蚱蜢

冬季，蚂蚁正忙着把潮湿的谷子晒干。饥饿的蚱蜢跑来，向他们乞讨食物。蚂蚁问他： “你为什么在夏天不去收集食物呢？” 蚱蜢回答说：“那时没有时间，我忙于唱美妙动听的 歌。”蚂蚁嘲笑说：“你夏季如要唱歌，那么冬季就去跳舞吧。”

这故事说明，要不失时机 地工作、劳动，才能丰衣足食；如果一味玩乐，只能挨饿。

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