初中英语短语动词及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析

一、短语动词

1．—How was your May Day holiday?

—Just so so, I tried to find a place to park my car near He Garden, but they were all ______. A. looked up B. taken up C. put up D. turned up 【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：—你的五一假期过得怎么样？—一般般，我努力地在花园附近找地方停车，但是他们都被占了。looked up查找；taken up占据；put up张贴；turned up出现，把声音开大。根据句意可知，这里说的停车位都被占了，故答案为B。

【点评】此题考查动词短语和动词的被动语态的用法，平时注意记忆和区分短语动词的意义和用法。还要注意记忆不规则动词的被动语态。

2．Nowadays more and more people ________ food safety.

A. pay attention to B. look after C. take it easy D. look out 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：现在，越来越多的人注意食品安全。pay attention to注意；look after照顾；take it easy别着急；look out当心。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

3．— Do you think my classmates will laugh at me?

— Maybe. But I think you are right.

A. go out with B. make friends with C. make jokes about 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——你觉得我的同学们在嘲笑我吗？——也许是，但是我觉得你是对的。laugh at嘲笑；go out with和……出去；与……约会；make friends with与……交朋友；make jokes about开……的玩笑。故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

4．Please keep still, or I can't cut your hair. It's dangerous.

A. don't come B. don't move C. don't be late 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：请不要动，不然我不能给你剪头发，很危险。keep still静止不动；A.别来；B.别动；C.别迟到。故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语的意思。

5．We are getting ready __________ Christmas.

A. to B. with C. for D. of 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】get ready for……为固定短语，意为“为……做准备”。 【点评】考查介词辨析和固定搭配。

6．— Excuse me, may I take a seat here?

— Of course.

A. sit B. sleep C. smoke 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下，我可以坐这儿吗？——当然。take a seat坐下，sit坐；sleep睡眠；smoke抽烟。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

7．Scientists are trying to ___________ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.

A. come up with B. look forward to C. talk about D. give up 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：科学家正努力想出办法治疗叫H7N9的可怕疾病。come up with想出；提出；look forward to盼望；talk about谈论；give up放弃。根据句意可知选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

8．Students today have to study hard to _______ the quick development of the modern society.

A. keep in touch with B. begin with C. make peace with D. keep up with 【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：今天的学生必须努力学习才能跟上现代社会的快速发展。keep in touch with与……保持联系；begin with以……开始；make peace with与……讲和；keep up with跟上。根据句意，故答案为D。【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断答案。

9．Eton College in England was in 1440 by King Henry VI to give free education to poor students．

A. cleaned up B. set up C. fixed up D. cheered up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：英国的伊顿大学是由亨利六世在1440建的，为了给贫困的学生免费的教育。clean up打扫干净；set up建起；fix up安排；修理；cheer up使振作起来；使高兴起来。根据句意可知选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

10．How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get there before the plane_________. A. ran off B. went off C. took off D. set off 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：我多么希望能多睡会。然而我必须在飞机起飞之前赶到那儿。A. ran off 逃跑；B. went off离开；C. took off 脱下（衣服，鞋袜等），（飞机）起飞；D. set off出发，动身。根据句意是飞机起飞，故答案为C。 【点评】考查短语动词：take off（飞机）起飞

11．When you visit a museum, you should ___________ the instructions.

A. compare with B. look forward to C. pay attention to D. try out 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：当你参观博物馆的时候，你应该注意说明。compare with比较；look forward to盼望；pay attention to注意；try out试验。根据句意故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

12．Tim won the first prize in the piano competition. His parents ________him. A. take care B. look up C. take pride in D. wait for 【答案】C

【解析】试题分析：句意：提姆在钢琴比赛中获得一等奖。他的父母为他骄傲。take care当心，小心; 坚持到底;

look up向上看;查找; take pride in v.以…为骄傲; wait for等待。所以选C。

13．—What are you doing, Uncle Wang?

—I am choosing some clothes and I'll _______ to kids in West China.

A. give them up B. give them away C. give them off D. give them in 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查短语辨析。give up意为“放弃”；give away意为“赠送”；give off意为“放出”；give in意为“呈交”。答语句意：我在挑选一些衣服准备送给中国西部地区的孩子们。故选B。

14．—I'm sorry that I forgot to turn off the light. —Don't worry. I'll have it __________.

A. turn off B. turned off C. turned on 【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：---抱歉我忘记关灯了。---别担心，我将把它关掉。turn off关掉；turn on打开。短语：have sth done，请人做某事，使某事被做。此处宾语light与动词turn off之间构成被动关系，用过去分词，故答案为B。 【点评】考查过去分词作补语，牢记固定搭配。

15．The 2022 Winter Olympics will __________ in Beijing, setting up the Chinese capital to become the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games.

A. take up B. take place C. take part D. take on 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：2022年的冬季奥林匹克运动会将会在北京举行，设立中国的首都变成第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。A. take up占据；从事；B. take place举行；C. take part参加；D. take on承担。结合语境，故选B。

16．Because of the terrible weather, we have to the sports meeting. A. put away B. put up C. put out D. put off 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：由于天气恶劣，我们不得不推迟运动会。A： put away把......收好； B： put up 张贴；C： put out 熄灭；D： put off推迟。根据前句 Because of the terrible weather，天气恶劣，可知运动会只能推迟，故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意理解短语动词的词义，根据语境选择正确的一项。

17．My daughter will call _______ as soon as she _______ Shanghai.

A. me up, will arrive in B. up me, arrives at C. up me , arrives at D. me up, arrives in 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：我的女儿一到达上海就会给我打电话。call sb. up是固定短语，给某人打电话，跟代词时，代词要放在中间；arrive in到达大地方；arrive at到达小地方。上

海是一个大城市，应该用in。根据句意可知选D。

【点评】本题考查短语和动词短语的辨析。call sb up表示给某人打电话，但是当sb是代词形式时，要把代词放中间；arrive in到达城市或者国家，arrive at到达小的地方。

18．The house is dangerous to live in. It should be

A. looked up B. left out C. thrown away D. pulled down 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：住在这房子里很危险。应该把它拆掉。A. looked up查阅；B. left out遗漏，忽略；C. thrown away扔掉；D. pulled down推倒。危房应该推倒重建，故答案为D。

19．—Hey, Tom. ______ the waste paper and throw it into the bin. You can't throw it here.

—Sorry.

A. Take up B. Pick up C. Make up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：--- 你好，Tom。请捡起废纸，把它扔进垃圾桶。你不能把它扔在这儿。--- 对不起。根据句意，结合短语区别：take up,占用时间，空间；pick up，捡起；make up，化妆，组成。故答案为：B.

20．“One Belt（带），One Road”will serve to________markets for China as well as other countries along．

A. put up B. set up C. take up D. open up 【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：“一带一路”将会对中国和其他的国家开放服务市场。A.put up举起，张贴；B.set up建立；C.take up占据，从事；D.open up开放；结合句意和语境可知是开放市场。故答案为D。

【点评】考查短语动词。牢记固定动词短语的意义。

21．— Did you have fun camping on that hill?

— Actually not. It's not easy to find a suitable place to _______ our tents.

A. give up B. put up C. turn up D. stay up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——你在山上野营玩得开心吗？ ——实际上不是。找一个合适的地方搭帐篷是不容易的。A. give up放弃；B. put up张贴; 举起，建造；C. turn up出现; 翻起;

开大；D. stay up熬夜。搭帐篷用put up tents表示。结合句意，故答案为B。 【点评】考查短语动词。掌握短语的意义和用法。

22．The writer's new book will ______ next month.

A. come in B. come on C. come out D. come into 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：这个作家的新书将于下月出版。A. come in进来；B. come on快点，加油；C. come out出来，出现，出版；D. come into进入。根据“新书”可知是将要“出版”了；故答案为C。

【点评】考查动词短语。熟记短语的意义和用法。

23．—Which one do you like best at the fair? — The monitoring instrument invented by a teenager.

A. made…by hand B. made…for the first time C. made…for me 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——在展览会上你最喜欢哪一个？——被一个青少年发明的健康设备。invent：发明，也就是第一次被制作，make ··· for the first time，故选B。 【点评】考查近义词。根据划线词和语境找出意义相同的选项，选出正确答案。

24．—The government will focus on solving the problem of heavy burdens on the students. —That's good news for us. We have too much work to do after school. A. give a hand to B. give attention to C. take part in 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——会集中精力解决学生们的重负问题。——那对我们来说是一个好主意。我们放学后不得不做太多的作业。根据语境可知focus on：把焦点放在······，也就是注意，关注，give attention to, give a hand to: 帮助，take part in: 参加，故选B。

【点评】考查短语动词。根据语境选出和划线词意思相近的短语，确保句子通顺。

25．— When did you take up Japanese as a second foreign language? — When I was 6 years old．

A. start to learn B. refuse to learn C. give up learning 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：——你什么时候把日语作为第二外语学习得？——当我六岁的时候。take up表示开始学习...A、开始学习，B、拒绝学习，C、放弃学习，故选A。 【点评】考查动词短语辨析，首先熟知题意，其次熟知选项每一个动词词组的含义，最后对比题目划线部分含义和选项含义。

26．— There is an exam next week. What should I do?

— I think that if you ________ your study schedule for a week, you will pass it． A. agree with B. stick with C. give up 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——下周有考试，我该怎么办？——我认为只要你坚持你的学习日程表一周，你就能通过考试。A、agree with同意，B、stick with坚持，C、give up放弃，根据题意可知，学生比较害怕考试，因此需要有一个好的学习规划，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据语境对选项逐一进行筛选，填入符合语境的单词。

27．A notice was in order to remind the students of the changed speech time. A. sent up B. given up C. set up D. put up 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：为了提醒学生们改变演讲时间，学校贴了一张通知。A.sent up射出；B.given up放弃；C.set up建立；D.put up张贴；主语是a notice，张贴广告用动词词组put up，故答案为D。

【点评】考查短语辨析。牢记短语词义和用法。

28．To make the story shorter, Mr. Trent advised me to ________ the parts that are not interesting.

A. find out B. try out C. cut out D. give out 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：为了使得这个故事更短，Trent先生建议我删掉那些没有意思的东西。A.find out找出；B.try out尝试；C.cut out剪掉；D.give out捐赠。根据本句话提到make the story shorter和not interesting，可知空缺处应该是删掉，cut out，故选C。 【点评】考查了短语辨析，注意cut out，剪掉。

29．Kelly doesn't _______ her mother at all. Her mother has a round face while Kelly has a square face.

A. look after B. think about C. take after D. worry about 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：Kelly一点都不嫌你个她的母亲，她妈妈有一个圆的脸而Kelly有一个方的脸。A.look after照顾，B.think about考虑，C.take after长得像，D.worry about担心。根据后句话提到她妈妈和她不像，可知空缺处填入长起来像，take after，故选C。 【点评】考查了短语动词，注意take after的用法。

30．Jack is dishonest. He always some excuses for doing something wrong.

A. makes up B. sets up C. takes up D. picks up 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：Jack不诚实，他总是编造一些理由为他做的错事。make up 编

造；set up建立；take up拿起，从事，占据；pick up拾起，捡起，接某人。根据句意Jack is dishonest可知应选A。