语法专题二：名词性从句
1. 名词性从句的基本概念：
1) 主语从句：在句中充当主语；亦可用it作形式主语，主语从句置于句末。
2) 宾语从句：在句中充当及物动词或介词的宾语；亦可用it作形式宾语，宾语从句置于
句末。
3) 表语从句：在句中充当系动词的表语。
4) 同位语从句：常置于fact, idea, news, promise, doubt, suggestion, possibility, belief等表
示有内容的名词后，起解释、说明作用。
2. 注意：
1) 名词性从句要用陈述句语序。
2) 名词性从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语时：常用what 导，亦可用which表示选择，用who/whom/whoever指人。
缺少状语：用where（表地点）, when（表时间）, how（表方式）, why（表原因）。 3) 如不缺成份：主语从句、同位语从句用that引导，不能省略； 表从、单个动词宾从可省略引导词that；
介词宾从、第二个宾从，引导词that一般不省略；
it作形式主语或宾语时，引导实际主从或宾从，一般that不省略； 当主从、宾从本身为复合句时，引导词that不省略。
如：He told us sadly that what he had done secretly was discovered by his parents.
4) 含宾从的复合句中，主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。
5) 主语从句做主语，谓语动词用单数；如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。 6) 当主句是I/We think（或suppose, expect, believe, imagine, guess）时，其后的宾语从句如果是否定的，常常把否定词not从从句中移到主句中。 7) 只能用whether，不能用if表示“是否”的情况如下： (1) 在表语从句和同位语从句中；
(2) 在主语从句中，如果用it做形式主语，whether和if都能引导主语从句，否则，只能用whether (3) 在介词之后；
(4) 后面直接跟动词不定式； (5) 与or not连用；
(6) 引导让步状语从句，只能用whether。 8) 同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
同位语从句常放在表示具体含义的名词后，解释名词的含义或内容，该名词在从句中不充当成份；定语从句是对先行词限定和修饰，先行词在定语从句中充当成分。 解题指导：从句连接词选择的依据：1. 上下文语义；2. 在从句中所作的成分。 一 选择
1. _________ we can't get seems better than _________ we have. A What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 2. It is suggested that we ________ to the park later.
A. will go B. went C. go D. has gone
3. The question is ____the film is worth seeing.
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A. if B. what C. whether D. how
4. The reason ____ I have to go is ____ my mother is ill in bed.
A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because
5. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s ______ I got well all through.
A. how B. because C. why D. that 6. He is absent today. That’s ______ he is ill.
A. when B. because C. why D. that
7. Why not try your luck downtown Bob？That’s ______ the best jobs are。
A、where B、what C、when D、why 8. See the flags on top of the building? That was ______we did this morning.
A、 when B. which C. where D. what
9. Go and get your coat. It's_ ______you left it.
A .there B. where C. there were D. where there 10. No one can be sure ____ in a million years.
A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 11. It was a matter of ____ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
12. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ____ Christmas Day. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 13. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ____?
A. Where the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bank C. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where 14. She asked Tom ________ with his car?
A. what the matter was B. what the matter is C. what was the matter D. what is the matter 15._____is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.
A. It B. What C. As D. Which 二、填空
1. ____ hasn’t been decided ____ or not he will come. It all depends. 2. —Do you remember ____ he came? —Yes, I do, he came by car. 3. —Could you do me a favor? —It depends on it is. 4. .____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.
5. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held? 6. Do you know ________ book it is?
7. ________ you don't like him is none of my business. 8. It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray.
9. He works hard. It is no wonder ___ he has made great progress.
10. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree. 11. The city is no longer ____ it used to be.
12. A modern city has been set up in _____ was a waste land ten years ago.
13. Nowadays children are so well protected that they live in ____ is called “greenhouse”. 14. Word came ____ he will go abroad for further study.
15. There is much chance ______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. 16. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.
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17. ____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
18. Having checked the doors were closed , and _________ all the lights were off, the boy
opened the door to his bedroom.
19. ______ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled.
20. It has been proved _____ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious
illnesses in later life.
21. It remains a question ____ we can get so much money in such a short time.
22. I doubt _________ he would come. I don’t doubt _______ they will support us. 23. I had no idea ______ we should do it. I had no idea _______ we should do.
Key: ACCCC, BADBA, AACCB
1. It, whether 2. how 3. what 4. What 5. where 6. whose 7. That 8. that 9. that 10. where 11. what 12. what 13. what 14. that 15. that 16. whatever 17. whoever 18. that 19. What 20. that 21. how/ whether 22.whether that 23. how , what
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